Active fault segments as potential earthquake sources: Inferences from integrated geophysical mapping of the Magadi fault system, southern Kenya Rift

Kuria, Z.N.; Woldai, T.; Meer, Freek D. van der; Barongo, Justus

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2009.11.004

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…In this location, early recumbent folds have NE-trending hinges, but have since been refolded on NW axes. At least four fault populations have been identified: normal north-south; dextral NW -SE; strike-slip ENE -WSW; and sinistral NE -SW. Of these, the NW-SE and NE-SW sets are currently active (Kuria et al 2010).…”

Section: Proterozoic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of regional tectonics and pre-existing structures on the formation of elliptical calderas in the Kenyan Rift

Robertson

Biggs

Cashman

et al. 2015

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Calderas are formed by the collapse of large magma reservoirs and are commonly elliptical in map view. The orientation of elliptical calderas is often used as an indicator of the local stress regime; but, in some rift settings, pre-existing structural trends may also influence the orientation. We investigated whether either of these two mechanisms controls the orientation of calderas in the Kenyan Rift. Satellite-based mapping was used to identify the rift border faults, intra-rift faults and orientation of the calderas to measure the stress orientations and pre-existing structural trends and to determine the extensional regime at each volcano. We found that extension in northern Kenya is orthogonal, whereas that in southern Kenya is oblique. Elliptical calderas in northern Kenya are orientated NW-SE, aligned with pre-existing structures and perpendicular to recent rift faults. In southern Kenya, the calderas are aligned NE-SW and lie oblique to recent rift faults, but are aligned with pre-existing structures. We conclude that, in oblique continental rifts, pre-existing structures control the development of elongated magma reservoirs. Our results highlight the structural control of magmatism at different crustal levels, where pre-existing structures control the storage and orientation of deeper magma reservoirs and the local stress regime controls intra-rift faulting and shallow magmatism.

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Section: Proterozoic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of regional tectonics and pre-existing structures on the formation of elliptical calderas in the Kenyan Rift

Robertson

Biggs

Cashman

et al. 2015

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“…According to their model, the ambiguity of the basement depth could be reduced by incorporating gravity anomalies into the interpretation process. In the southern Kenya Rift (East Africa), Kuria et al (2010) also applied a 2D Euler deconvolution technique to constrain the upper crustal basin structure of the East African Rift System, revealing boundaries between the cratonic and supracrustal units, intrusive bodies and ancient shear zones. Joint modeling has been used in tectonic studies and mineral exploration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity and magnetic joint modeling of the Potiguar Rift Basin (NE Brazil): Basement control during Neocomian extension and deformation

Castro

2011

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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“…Reflection seismic attempts to detect possible change in elastic properties and/or density within the subsurface by recording and analysing the reflected wave generated by seismic boundaries, after the elastic waves have propagated from the sources. It is generally a noninvasive tool for groundwater exploration, site investigation, fault detections and petroleum prospecting [15][16][17]26 . Electrical imaging is based on indirect measurements of the electrical properties of subsurface by injecting the current into the ground and measuring the voltage difference through a set of electrode configuration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence the purposes of this study are to detect minor fault locations and to understand its characteristics using geophysical methods. It is known that geophysical techniques are effective tools used in numerous fault investigations [15][16][17][18] . This study utilized the seismic and resistivity methods in an attempt to establish a link between shallow and deeper faults and the associated tectonic in the area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of hidden faults beneath Khlong Marui fault zone using seismic reflection and 2-D electrical imaging

Saetang¹,

Yordkayhun²,

Wattanasen³

2014

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:The Khlong Marui fault zone is a major fault located in the southern part of Thailand extending across the peninsula. In spite of the available information on fault segments and tectonic activity associated with faulting, the local scale fault characteristics are currently barely known and are often difficult to detect in areas where surface displacement has not occurred. The present geological field investigation reveals that the study area in Surat Thani province possibly contains more minor faults where the shallow faulting is evident. To detect fault locations and to study fault characteristics, seismic reflection analysis and 2-D electrical imaging were applied along the three survey lines as a case study. After data processing, an interpretation was proposed based on the correlation of geophysical results with the geological information. Discontinuities in the main horizons in seismic sections and correlatable zones in resistivity imaging indicate that faulting is present in a Permian-Carboniferous unit and may extend to the shallow subsurface in Quaternary sediments.

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Active fault segments as potential earthquake sources: Inferences from integrated geophysical mapping of the Magadi fault system, southern Kenya Rift

Cited by 28 publications

References 57 publications

Influence of regional tectonics and pre-existing structures on the formation of elliptical calderas in the Kenyan Rift

Influence of regional tectonics and pre-existing structures on the formation of elliptical calderas in the Kenyan Rift

Gravity and magnetic joint modeling of the Potiguar Rift Basin (NE Brazil): Basement control during Neocomian extension and deformation

Detection of hidden faults beneath Khlong Marui fault zone using seismic reflection and 2-D electrical imaging

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