2013
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20130124
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Active extravasation of contrast within the hemorrhage (spot sign): a multidetector computed tomography finding that predicts growth and a worse prognosis in non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes high rates of disability and neurological sequelae Objective To evaluate spot signs as predictors of expansion and worse prognosis in non-traumatic ICH in a Brazilian cohort. Method We used multidetector computed tomography angiography to study 65 consecutive patients (40 men, 61.5%), with ages varying from 33 to 89 years (median age 55 years). Clinical and imaging findings were correlated with the findings based on the initial imaging. Results Of the individuals who … Show more

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Cited by 12 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…This is a retrospective study, and the case number with the spot sign only on dCTA after subgroup is relatively small, precluding a further multivariate assessment. Although CTA spot sign is a dynamic process, there are short and variable time intervals (median = 48–60 min) between the NCCT and dCTA in our study without the inclusion of 24-h follow-up CT as in previous studies conducted by other authors (9,10,16,24). As in other ROI-based studies, subjective freehand ROIs might have influenced the accuracy of the hematoma measurements.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…This is a retrospective study, and the case number with the spot sign only on dCTA after subgroup is relatively small, precluding a further multivariate assessment. Although CTA spot sign is a dynamic process, there are short and variable time intervals (median = 48–60 min) between the NCCT and dCTA in our study without the inclusion of 24-h follow-up CT as in previous studies conducted by other authors (9,10,16,24). As in other ROI-based studies, subjective freehand ROIs might have influenced the accuracy of the hematoma measurements.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…Four articles were pertinent, including two articles of second-pass CTA [48] , [49] , and two studies of venous phase CTA [53] , [54] . Data of the second-pass CTA were combined together due to duplicate cohort.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The spot sign in general yields a relatively high negative predictive value (NPV: 0.75–0.98) along with slightly lower positive predictive value (PPV: 0.45–1.00) toward hematoma expansion (Figure 4) (6, 1624, 30). Sensitivity and specificity are reported to be 0.46–0.91 and 0.84–1.00, respectively (6, 1624).…”
Section: Computed Tomography Angiographymentioning
confidence: 99%