Active Damping of Power Oscillations Following Frequency Changes in Low Inertia Power Systems

Zarifakis, M.; Coffey, W. T.; Kalmykov, Yuri P.; Titov, S. V.; Byrne, Declan J.; Carrig, Stephen J.

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2019.2911845

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Therefore we must also consider methods to counteract such effects, e.g., using Power System Stabilizers (PSS) and Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVR) to dampen the oscillations on the grid. Recently [26] we explored this using the conventional IEEE PSS1A, where the nonlinear gridgenerator dynamics derived in this paper (see (29)) are used as inputs to the PSS and AVR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillator Models for the Transient Response of Power Generating Stations Connected to Low Inertia Systems

Zarifakis

Byrne

Coffey

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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Coupled nonlinear oscillators, e.g., Kuramoto models, are commonly used to analyze electrical power systems. The cage model from statistical mechanics has also been used to describe the dynamics of synchronously connected generation stations. Whereas the Kuramoto model is good for describing high inertia grid systems, the cage one allows both high and low inertia grids to be modelled. This is illustrated by comparing both the synchronization time and relaxation towards synchronization of each model by treating their equations of motion in a common framework rooted in the dynamics of many coupled phase oscillators. A solution of these equations via matrix continued fractions is implemented rendering the characteristic relaxation times of a grid-generator system over a wide range of inertia and damping. Following an abrupt change in the dynamical system, the power output and both generator and grid frequencies all exhibit damped oscillations now depending on the (finite) grid inertia. In practical applications, it appears that for a small inertia system the cage model is preferable.Index Terms-Power system stability, Power system transients, Power system protection, Rate of change of frequency or ROCOF, Renewable energy sources, Synchronous generators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillator Models for the Transient Response of Power Generating Stations Connected to Low Inertia Systems

Zarifakis

Byrne

Coffey

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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“…To characterize the synchronous generator, virtual synchronous generator technology adopts a secondorder model [21], as shown in Eqs. ( 1) and (2).…”

Section: Vsg Control Strategy 21 Mathematical Model Of Synchronous Ge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of distributed energy technology, power systems have been equipped with a large number of power electronic inverters. Unlike the traditional synchronous generator (SG), the inverter power supply cannot provide inherent inertia to respond to changes in grid frequency, thus providing insufficient inertia and weak frequency regulation of the power system [1][2][3]. To solve this problem, some scholars have proposed a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) to simulate the frequency support characteristics of a synchronous generator, in which the rotor motion equation is usually used to design an active power-frequency control loop [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Frequency Oscillation Analysis of Grid-Connected VSG System Considering Multi-Parameter Coupling

Lu¹,

Wang²,

Liang³

et al. 2023

Computer Modeling in Engineering &Amp; Sciences

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With the increasing integration of new energy generation into the power system and the massive withdrawal of traditional fossil fuel generation, the power system is faced with a large number of stability problems. The phenomenon of low-frequency oscillation caused by lack of damping and moment of inertia is worth studying. In recent years, virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technique has been developed rapidly because it can provide considerable damping and moment of inertia. While improving the stability of the system, it also inevitably causes the problem of active power oscillation, especially the low mutual damping between the VSG and the power grid will make the oscillation more severe. The traditional time-domain state-space method cannot reflect the interaction among state variables and study the interaction between different nodes and branches of the power grid. In this paper, a frequency-domain method for analyzing low-frequency oscillations considering VSG parameter coupling is proposed. First, based on the rotor motion equation of the synchronous generator (SG), a secondorder VSG model and linearized power-frequency control loop model are established. Then, the differences and connections between the coupling of key VSG parameters and low-frequency oscillation characteristics are studied through frequency domain analysis. The path and influence mechanism of a VSG during low-frequency power grid oscillations are illustrated. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis model is verified by simulation.

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“…They also discuss modes of oscillation with different levels of wind penetration and its controlling mechanisms to enhance damping of oscillation using a unified power flow controller (UPFC) along with DFIG. Authors of [24][25][26] discuss different damping controller designs and methods such as PSS, automatic voltage regulators (AVR), and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). These are widely deployed in a wind-integrated system to achieve effective oscillation damping in stabilizing the response of a generator to a transient fault.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damping of Frequency and Power System Oscillations with DFIG Wind Turbine and DE Optimization

et al. 2023

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Wind power is one of the most promising renewable energy resources and could become a solution to contribute to the present energy and global warming crisis of the world. The commonly used doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines have a general trend of increasing oscillation damping. Unless properly controlled, the high penetration of wind energy will increase the oscillation and affect the control and dynamic interaction of the interconnected generators. This paper discusses power oscillation damping control in the automatic generation control (AGC) of two-area power systems with DFIG wind turbines and Matlab code/Simulink interfacing optimization methods. The differential evolution (DE) optimization technique is used to obtain the controller gain parameters. In the optimization process, a step load perturbation (SLP) of 1% has been considered in Area 1 only, and the integral of time weighted absolute error (ITAE) cost function is used. Three different test studies have been examined on the same power system model with non-reheat turbine thermal power plants. In the first case, the power system model is simulated without a controller. In Case Study 2, the system is simulated with the presence of DFIG and without a controller. In Case Study 3, the system is simulated with a PID controller and DFIG. Most of the studies available in the literature do not optimize the appropriate wind penetrating speed gain parameters for the system and do not consider the ITAE as an objective function to reduce area control error. In this regard, the main contribution and result of this paper is—with the proposed PID+DFIG optimized DE—the ITAE objective function error value in the case study without a controller being 6.7865, which is reduced to 1.6008 in the case study with PID+DFIG-optimized DE. In addition, with the proposed controller methods, the dynamic system time responses such as rise time, settling time, overshoot, and undershoot are improved for system tie-line power, change in frequency, and system area controller error. Similarly, with the proposed controller, fast system convergence and fast system oscillation damping are achieved. Generally, it is inferred that the incorporation of DFIG wind turbines in both areas has appreciably improved the dynamic performance and system stability under consideration.

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Active Damping of Power Oscillations Following Frequency Changes in Low Inertia Power Systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Comparison of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillator Models for the Transient Response of Power Generating Stations Connected to Low Inertia Systems

Comparison of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillator Models for the Transient Response of Power Generating Stations Connected to Low Inertia Systems

Low-Frequency Oscillation Analysis of Grid-Connected VSG System Considering Multi-Parameter Coupling

Damping of Frequency and Power System Oscillations with DFIG Wind Turbine and DE Optimization

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