Active Control of Surface Plasmon Waveguides with a Phase Change Material

Rudé, Miquel; Simpson, Robert E.; Quidant, Romain; Pruneri, Valerio; Renger, Jan

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.5b00050

Cited by 110 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Consequently, in optics, various approaches to the realization of active nanophotonic systems have been explored and can be roughly classified by the means to which the refractive index can be tuned, including from the intrinsic birefringence of materials that exhibit a large electro-optic coefficient, for example, liquid crystals131415, and ferroelectric materials such as barium titanate (BaTiO 3 )16, from the carrier excitations in semiconductors such as Silicon1718, quantum dots such as CdSe quantum dots19, and graphene2021 as well as from the transition of phase change materials22232425262728293031323334353637. Moreover, in accordance with the Clausius–Mossotti relation, the change in refractive index arises by varying the polarizability α , albeit by different mechanisms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hybrid metamaterials for electrically triggered multifunctional control

et al. 2016

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Despite the exotic material properties that have been demonstrated to date, practical examples of versatile metamaterials remain exceedingly rare. The concept of metadevices has been proposed in the context of hybrid metamaterial composites: systems in which active materials are introduced to advance tunability, switchability and nonlinearity. In contrast to the successful hybridizations seen at lower frequencies, there has been limited exploration into plasmonic and photonic nanostructures due to the lack of available optical materials with non-trivial activity, together with difficulties in regulating responses to external forces in an integrated manner. Here, by presenting a series of proof-of-concept studies on electrically triggered functionalities, we demonstrate a vanadium dioxide integrated photonic metamaterial as a transformative platform for multifunctional control. The proposed hybrid metamaterial integrated with transition materials represents a major step forward by providing a universal approach to creating self-sufficient and highly versatile nanophotonic systems.

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confidence: 99%

Hybrid metamaterials for electrically triggered multifunctional control

et al. 2016

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“…This unique set of properties makes PCMs excellently suited for data storage applications (rewriteable optical media and phase-change random-access memory)123 and future applications, including neuromorphic computing45, flexible displays6, logic devices7, plasmonic-based circuits8, optically reconfigurable metasurfaces and all-photonic devices9. Because of the potential advantages, such as ultra-high switching speed and density of data storage1011, down-scaling of the PCMs into nanostructured form has evoked intensive explorations, where pronounced size-dependence on physical properties has been revealed, such as size-dependent crystallization and polar ordering12131415.…”

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confidence: 99%

Size-dependent and tunable crystallization of GeSbTe phase-change nanoparticles

Chen

Brink

Palasantzas

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Chalcogenide-based nanostructured phase-change materials (PCMs) are considered promising building blocks for non-volatile memory due to their high write and read speeds, high data-storage density, and low power consumption. Top-down fabrication of PCM nanoparticles (NPs), however, often results in damage and deterioration of their useful properties. Gas-phase condensation based on magnetron sputtering offers an attractive and straightforward solution to continuously down-scale the PCMs into sub-lithographic sizes. Here we unprecedentedly present the size dependence of crystallization for Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) NPs, whose production is currently highly challenging for chemical synthesis or top-down fabrication. Both amorphous and crystalline NPs have been produced with excellent size and composition control with average diameters varying between 8 and 17 nm. The size-dependent crystallization of these NPs was carefully analyzed through in-situ heating in a transmission electron microscope, where the crystallization temperatures (Tc) decrease when the NPs become smaller. Moreover, methane incorporation has been observed as an effective method to enhance the amorphous phase stability of the NPs. This work therefore elucidates that GST NPs synthesized by gas-phase condensation with tailored properties are promising alternatives in designing phase-change memories constrained by optical lithography limitations.

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“…As a consequence, a constant effort has been undertaken to control and tune the plasmon resonance of subwavelength plasmonic resonators or antennas from UV to IR . Strategies to adjust the conditions of resonance or propagation rely on the static or dynamic modification of the surrounding medium, on the modification of the geometry, the size or the material of the metallic object itself, or on the modification of the charge carrier density, for instance …”

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confidence: 99%

Spectral Tuning of High Order Plasmonic Resonances in Multimodal Film‐Coupled Crystalline Cavities

Kumar

Cuche

Sharma

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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allow for a strong confinement and enhancement of the electromagnetic field in subwavelength volumes along with plasmon propagation in structures with low dimensionalities. [2] These appealing properties have triggered the development of biosensing, [3] energy conversion, [4,5] detectors, [6] integrated optical component for information transfer and/or processing, [7] or shaping of the phase front of light. [8,9] Several applications rely on the ability of the plasmonic nanoparticle to efficiently scatter or concentrate the light in a specific region of space at a given energy. As a consequence, a constant effort has been undertaken to control and tune the plasmon resonance of subwavelength plasmonic resonators or antennas from UV to IR. [10,11] Strategies to adjust the conditions of resonance or propagation rely on the static [12,13] or dynamic [14][15][16] modification of the surrounding medium, on the modification of the geometry, [17] the size or the material of the metallic object itself, [12,18,19] or on the modification of the charge carrier density, for instance. [20] A particularly efficient approach exploits the electromagnetic coupling between a plasmonic nanoparticle and a thin metallic film. [21][22][23][24][25][26] The small nanocavity resulting from the metalinsulator-metal (MIM) geometry gives rise to new longitudinal and transverse plasmonic resonances in the gap along with a spectral shift of the native resonance of the nanoparticle. [27][28][29] The adjustment of the coupling strength by varying the distance between nanoparticles and the conductive plasmonic film can be used to tune the surface plasmon (SP) resonance wavelength. [30][31][32] The MIM geometry, which is compatible with operational device configuration, offers therefore a new degree of freedom to control the modal plasmonic landscape and the related scattering properties of the system.While the optical response of subwavelength particles is well defined and usually limited to one or two resonances in the visible, sub-micronic 2D colloidal gold cavities sustain multiple higher order plasmonic resonances that offer a much richer multimodal plasmonic spectrum. Indeed, these highly crystalline and thin metallic cavities exhibit a single transverse mode but several planar resonances of higher order than the dipolar one in the visible and near-infrared. [33][34][35][36] They result from multiple interferences between degenerated high order SP modes and yield optical near-fields that are strongly localized at specific hot spots along the edges and at the center of the Sub-micrometric and ultrathin gold cavities sustain several high order planar plasmon resonances in the visible to near-infrared spectral window that open new perspectives for the realization of self-assembled metasurfaces or integrated components for nano-optics. This article investigates in detail the far-field spectral features of these multimodal crystalline gold nanoprisms, deposited on either dielectric (glass) or metallic substrates (Au, Al) by darkfield scattering s...

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Active Control of Surface Plasmon Waveguides with a Phase Change Material

Cited by 110 publications

References 33 publications

Hybrid metamaterials for electrically triggered multifunctional control

Hybrid metamaterials for electrically triggered multifunctional control

Size-dependent and tunable crystallization of GeSbTe phase-change nanoparticles

Spectral Tuning of High Order Plasmonic Resonances in Multimodal Film‐Coupled Crystalline Cavities

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