Activation Timecourse of Ventral Visual Stream Object-recognition Areas: High Density Electrical Mapping of Perceptual Closure Processes

Doniger, Glen M.; Foxe, John J.; Murray, Micah M.; Higgins, Beth A.; Schroeder, Charles E.; Javitt, Daniel C.

doi:10.1162/089892900562372

Cited by 231 publications

(208 citation statements)

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“…Our findings of a large N1 component only in the high contrast (mixed M/P) and chromatic contrast (P) conditions are consistent with the N1 emerging from ventral stream based upon P system input (Allison et al, 1999;Bentin et al, 1999;Di Russo et al, 2001;Doniger et al, 2000Doniger et al, , 2001. The present findings, however, also provide a potential cautionary note regarding the study of N1 deficits in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Multiple P1 generators have been identified, with the largest activity observed over dorsal stream sites, with extrastriate (V3, V3a and middle occipital gyrus) (Di Russo et al, 2001;Vanni et al, 2004) as well as striate contributions (Aine et al, 1995;Maier et al, 1987;Vanni et al, 2004). P1 is followed by N1, a negative deflection peaking at approximately 150 ms with multiple generators that may represent P-mediated activation of ventral stream structures such as lateral occipital complex (Bentin et al, 1999;Doniger et al, 2000Doniger et al, , 2001Doniger et al, , 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Schechter

Butler

Zemon

et al. 2005

Clinical Neurophysiology

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136

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Objective-Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate significant impairments of early visual processing, potentially implicating dysfunction of the magnocellular visual pathway. The present study evaluates transient visual evoked potential (tVEP) responses to stimuli biased toward the magnocellular (M) or parvocellular (P) systems in patients with schizophrenia vs. normal volunteers first to evaluate relative contributions of M and P systems to specific tVEP components in schizophrenia and, second, to evaluate integrity of early M and P processing in schizophrenia.Methods-Seventy-four patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were compared with 59 control subjects using separate stimuli to assess the tVEP response to M, P and mixed M/P conditions. Stimuli were biased toward M vs. P processing by manipulation of chromatic and achromatic contrast. C1, P1, N1 and P2 components were compared between patients and controls. All subjects showed 20/32 vision or better.Results-Waveforms were obtained to low contrast (M), chromatic contrast (P) and high contrast (mixed M/P) stimuli in both patients and controls. C1 was present to P and mixed M/P stimuli. Patients showed a significant reduction in amplitude and an increase in latency of the C1 component. P1 was elicited primarily by M and mixed M/P stimuli, whereas N1 was elicited primarily by P and mixed M/P stimuli. Patients showed reductions in both P1 and N1 amplitudes across conditions. However, only reductions in P1 amplitude survived covariation for between group differences in visual acuity. Further, P1 amplitude reductions in the M condition correlated with a proxy measure of global outcome.Conclusions-M-and P-selective stimuli elicit differential components of the tVEP. Patients with schizophrenia show significant reductions in response even to simple visual stimuli. Deficits, particularly within the M system, may correlate significantly with global outcome and level of community functioning.Significance-Whereas deficits in high-order cognitive processing have been extensively documented in schizophrenia, integrity of early-stage sensory processing has been studied to a lesser degree. The present findings suggest that deficits in early-stage visual processing are significantly

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Schechter

Butler

Zemon

et al. 2005

Clinical Neurophysiology

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136

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“…Importantly, ERPs to identified and unidentified no idea responses also differed reliably only during the LPC (500-800 ms: main identification effect, Lat. F [1,13] = 6.81, P = 0.0216, Mid. F [1,13] = 11.53, P = 0.0048; identification × site interaction, F [7,91] = 4.60, P = 0.0080, ε = 0.3937; identification × hemisphere interaction, F[1,13] = 13.27, P = 0.0030).…”

Section: Identified Versus Unidentified Separated By Responsementioning

confidence: 94%

“…F [1,13] = 6.81, P = 0.0216, Mid. F [1,13] = 11.53, P = 0.0048; identification × site interaction, F [7,91] = 4.60, P = 0.0080, ε = 0.3937; identification × hemisphere interaction, F[1,13] = 13.27, P = 0.0030). Thus, the delayed identification effect for Level 2 fragments was not due to any potential identification-related processes (and associated positivity) for guesses contaminating ERPs to unidentified fragments.…”

Section: Identified Versus Unidentified Separated By Responsementioning

confidence: 94%

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Neurophysiological evidence for two processing times for visual object identification

Schendan

2002

Neuropsychologia

120

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Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded to fragmented pictures of objects that were named correctly or were not to investigate the time course of visual object identification. The first ERP difference distinguishing identified from unidentified pictures estimates the upper limit of the time by which human brain regions have begun to activate long-term memory (LTM) representations specifying the identity of a visual object. Data from 15 young adults indicate that this time varies with the extent to which object parts are recoverable from the visual input, being ∼200 ms earlier with recoverable than unrecoverable parts. Successful identification is evident by ∼300 ms when object parts and overall structural configuration are readily recoverable but not until ∼550 ms when object parts are difficult or impossible to recover (i.e. too poorly specified by the available contours to be recovered). In both cases, successful identification is associated with greater relative positivity. However, unidentified recoverable pictures are associated with an enhanced frontal negativity (N350), linked to object matching operations, not seen for non-recoverable pictures. Taken together, these results implicate two distinct processing sequences in the successful identification of visual objects.

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Impaired Visual Object Processing Across an Occipital-Frontal-Hippocampal Brain Network in Schizophrenia

Sehatpour

Dias

Butler

et al. 2010

Arch Gen Psychiatry

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Background Perceptual closure refers to the ability to identify objects with partial information. Deficits in schizophrenia are indexed by impaired generation of the closure-related negativity (NCL) from ventral stream visual cortex (lateral occipital complex, LOC), as part of a network of brain regions that also includes dorsal stream visual regions, prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. This study evaluates network-level interactions during perceptual closure in schizophrenia using parallel ERP, fMRI and neuropsychological assessment. Methods ERP were obtained from 24 patients and 20 healthy volunteers in response to fragmented (closeable) and control scrambled (noncloseable) line drawings. fMRI were obtained from 11 patients and 12 controls. Patterns of between group differences for predefined ERP components and fMRI regions of interest were determined using both analysis of variance and structural equation modeling. Global neuropsychological performance was assessed using elements of the WAIS-III, WMS-III and MATRICS batteries. Results Patients showed impaired visual P1 generation, reflecting dorsal stream dysfunction, along with impaired generation of NCL components over PFC and LOC. In fMRI, patients showed impaired activation of dorsal and ventral visual regions, PFC and hippocampus. Impaired activation of dorsal stream visual regions contributed significantly to impaired PFC activation. Impaired PFC activation contributed significantly to impaired activation of hippocampus and LOC. Impaired LOC and hippocampal activation contributed significantly to deficits on WAIS-III Perceptual Organization Index (POI) and other tests of impaired perceptual processing in schizophrenia. Conclusion Schizophrenia is associated with severe activation deficits across a distributed network of sensory and higher order cognitive regions. Deficit in early visual processing within the dorsal visual stream contributes significantly to impaired frontal activation which, in turn, leads to dysregulation of hippocampus and ventral visual stream. Dysfunction within this network underlies impairment in more traditional measures of neurocognitive dysfunction such as POI, supporting distributed models of brain dysfunction in schizophrenia.

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Activation Timecourse of Ventral Visual Stream Object-recognition Areas: High Density Electrical Mapping of Perceptual Closure Processes

Cited by 231 publications

References 50 publications

Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Neurophysiological evidence for two processing times for visual object identification

Impaired Visual Object Processing Across an Occipital-Frontal-Hippocampal Brain Network in Schizophrenia

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