Activation of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor promotes the proliferation of rat retinal progenitor cell via activation of the PI-3-K and MAPK signaling pathways

Zhang, Z; Hu, Fei; Liu, Y; Ma, Bo; Chen, X; Zhu, Kun; Shi, Yu; Wei, Ting; Yi, Xing; Gao, Yunan; Lü, Haixia; Kang, Qianyan

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.030

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In our study, the activation of Akt is substantially attenuated by the mGluR5 antagonist MTEP. This is supported by our previous study in which mGluR5 siRNA inhibited the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rat retinal progenitor cells (Zhang et al, ). Moreover, the inhibition of Akt also delayed the neuronal polarization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

MTEP impedes the neuronal polarization and the activity of the Akt–NF‐κB pathway in rat hippocampal neurons

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2016

J of Neuroscience Research

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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is extensively involved in neural survival, differentiation, dendritic morphology, synaptic plasticity, and neural circuit formation. However, little is known about its role in neuronal polarization and axon outgrowth. In this study, we applied the selective agonist (RS)-2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine sodium salt and antagonist 3-[(2-methyl-4-thaizolyl) ethynyl] pyridine (MTEP) of mGluR5 to the cultured hippocampal neurons to observe the neuronal polarization and axon outgrowth, and further explored the possible intracellular signal transduction pathway. The results demonstrated that MTEP administration significantly attenuates the proportion of polarized neurons and the length of the axon, indicated by SMI312 (an axon marker) and Tuj-1 (a marker of all the neurites) double-labeling immunofluorescence. Western blot analysis showed that MTEP administration also inhibited the activation of AKT and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, and decreased the phosphorylation of p65 as well. Furthermore, Akt inhibitor LY294002 treatment resulted in neuronal polarization delay and axon outgrowth retardation, while suppressing the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65. We concluded that mGluR5 could regulate neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth during the morphological differentiation of rat developing neurons, and the intracellular signaling pathway of Akt-NF-κB might be involved in the action of mGluR5. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

MTEP impedes the neuronal polarization and the activity of the Akt–NF‐κB pathway in rat hippocampal neurons

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2016

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Immunostaining was performed as our previous study 26 . The primary antibodies as follow: α-SMA, ab7817(the capsular bag) and ab5694 (The paraffins sections), abcam, UK; CTGF, ab6992, abcam, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CTGF Contributes to the Development of Posterior Capsule Opacification: an in vitro and in vivo study

Jing

Liu

et al. 2018

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a crucial factor that plays a major role in the process of posterior capsule opacification (PCO). However, the effects of CTGF on the proliferation and migration of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and on the mechanism of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) as well as the effects of shRNA-mediated CTGF knockdown on the development of PCO in rats remain unclear. In the present study, we found that CTGF promoted EMT, proliferation, migration and the expression of p-ERK1/2 protein in HLECs but exerted little effect on the expression of p-p38 and p-JNK1/2 proteins. MEK inhibitor U0126 effectively restrained the CTGF-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (Fn) and type I collagen (COL-1) in HLECs. CTGF knockdown effectively postponed the onset of PCO in the rats and significantly reduced the expression of α-SMA in the capsule. In conclusion, CTGF contributed to the development of PCO presumably by promoting proliferation, migration of LECs, EMT specific protein expression and ECM synthesis in HLECs, which is dependent on ERK signalling. Furthermore, blocking CTGF effectively inhibited PCO in the rats and the EMT specific protein expression in the lens capsule.

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“…In contrast, glutamatergic signaling through the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR4 decreases GCP proliferation and promotes differentiation [48]. Conversely, glutamatergic signaling through mGluR5 stimulates the proliferation of retinal neuronal precursors, emphasizing the differential effects of neurotransmitter signaling in various precursor populations [49]. …”

Section: The Role Of Neurons In Ectodermal Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Activity in Ontogeny and Oncology

Venkatesh

Monje

2017

Trends in Cancer

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The nervous system plays a central role in regulating the stem cell niche in many organs and thereby critically modulates development, homeostasis and plasticity. A similarly powerful role for neural regulation of the cancer microenvironment is emerging. Neurons promote the growth of cancers of the brain, skin, prostate, pancreas and stomach. Parallel mechanisms shared in development and cancer suggest that neural modulation of the tumor microenvironment may prove a universal theme, although the mechanistic details of such modulation remain to be discovered for many malignancies. Here, we review what is known about the influences of active neurons on stem cell and cancer microenvironments across a broad range of tissues and discuss emerging principles of neural regulation of development and cancer.

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Activation of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor promotes the proliferation of rat retinal progenitor cell via activation of the PI-3-K and MAPK signaling pathways

Cited by 28 publications

References 48 publications

MTEP impedes the neuronal polarization and the activity of the Akt–NF‐κB pathway in rat hippocampal neurons

MTEP impedes the neuronal polarization and the activity of the Akt–NF‐κB pathway in rat hippocampal neurons

CTGF Contributes to the Development of Posterior Capsule Opacification: an in vitro and in vivo study

Neuronal Activity in Ontogeny and Oncology

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