Activation of the trapezius muscle during varied forms of Kendall exercises

Kinney, Elissa; Wusthoff, Jodi; Zyck, Amy; Hatzel, Brian; Vaughn, Dan; Strickler, Tim; Glass, S. C.

doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2007.11.001

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Based on previous research demonstrating alterations in UT, LT, and SA activation in patients with GH injuries, we hypothesized that participants with GH injuries would have imbalances in scapularactivation ratios of muscles that compose the upwardrotation force couple such that UT activity would increase with concomitant decreases in MT, LT, and SA activity compared with healthy control participants. 4,5,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Our results did not support our hypothesis; no group differences were found among any of the activation ratios studied. However, trends toward higher UT:MT and UT:LT activation ratios in the GH injury group were suggested.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…To accomplish this, rehabilitation exercises focus on increasing strength and promoting proper firing between muscles of a force couple, initially using single-plane motions to target activation of the LT, MT, and SA while simultaneously minimizing activation of the UT. 4,5,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] When an individual gains sufficient scapular strength and control, clinicians may begin to incorporate more functional rehabilitation exercises using multiple planes and body segments in the kinetic chain, such as the hip and trunk, to facilitate correct shoulder muscle activation and function needed for activity-specific movements. 1,23 As multiplanar, multisegmental exercises are integrated, clinicians should be aware of and maintain appropriate activation between muscles that compose the scapular upward-rotation force couple (UT, LT, SA).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Scapular Muscle-Activation Ratios in Patients With Shoulder Injuries During Functional Shoulder Exercises

Moeller

Bliven

Valier

2014

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Alterations in scapular muscle activation, which are common with glenohumeral (GH) injuries, affect stability and function. Rehabilitation aims to reestablish activation between muscles for stability by progressing to whole-body movements.Objective Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Thirty-nine participants who had GH injuries (n ¼ 20; age ¼ 23.6 6 3.2 years, height ¼ 170.7 6 11.5 cm, mass ¼ 74.7 6 13.1 kg) or were healthy (n ¼ 19; age ¼ 24.4 6 3.3 years, height ¼ 173.6 6 8.6 cm, mass ¼ 74.7 6 14.8 kg) were tested.Intervention(s): Clinical examination confirmed each participant's classification as GH injury or healthy control. Participants performed 4 exercises (bow and arrow, external rotation with scapular squeeze, lawnmower, robbery) over 3 seconds with no load while muscle activity was recorded.Main Outcome Measure(s): We used surface electromyography to measure UT, MT, LT, and SA muscle activity. Scapular muscle-activation ratios (UT:MT, UT:LT, and UT:SA) were calculated (normalized mean electromyography of the UT divided by normalized mean electromyography of the MT, LT, and SA). Exercise 3 group analyses of variance with repeated measures were conducted.Results: No group differences for activation ratios or individual muscle activation amplitude were found (P . .05). Similar UT:MT and UT:LT activation ratios during bow-andarrow and robbery exercises were seen (P . .05); both had greater activation than external-rotation-with-scapular-squeeze and lawnmower exercises (P , .05). The bow-and-arrow exercise elicited the highest activation from the UT, MT, and LT muscles; SA activation was greatest during the externalrotation-with-scapular-squeeze exercise.Conclusions: Scapular muscle activation was similar between participants with GH injuries and healthy control participants when performing the unloaded multiplanar, multijoint exercises tested. High activation ratios during the bow-andarrow exercise indicate UT hyperactivity or decreased MT, LT, and SA activity. Our GH injury group may be comparable to high-functioning injured athletes. Study results may assist clinicians in selecting appropriate exercises for scapular muscle activation when caring for injured athletes.Key Words: force couple, glenohumeral joint, rehabilitation, serratus anterior muscle, trapezius muscle Key PointsMuscle balance to promote scapular upward rotation, as indicated by muscle-activation ratios, was present and similar between participants with glenohumeral injuries and healthy control participants when performing 4 unloaded multiplanar, multijoint functional exercises. Clinicians should use caution when prescribing the bow-and-arrow exercise because it produced high scapular muscle-activation ratios, indicating upper trapezius hyperactivity and decreased middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior activity. Exercises that promote activation of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles while minimizing upper trapezius hyperactivity are ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scapular Muscle-Activation Ratios in Patients With Shoulder Injuries During Functional Shoulder Exercises

Moeller

Bliven

Valier

2014

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…34 Michener et al 26 used the lower trapezius manual muscle test position described by Hislop et al, 14 which is similar to the position described by Kendall et al 21 Michener et al 26 utilized surface electromyography to demonstrate that this test position yielded the highest lower trapezius muscle activation, compared to middle trapezius, upper trapezius, and serratus anterior manual muscle test positions. Conversely, Kinney et al 22 found significantly greater lower trapezius muscle activation for the lower trapezius manual muscle test when the upper extremity was placed at 90° and 125° of glenohumeral joint abduction versus 160°, or in line with the fibers of the lower trapezius muscle, as described by Kendall et al 21 Additionally, variability in dynamometer placement during lower trapezius muscle testing procedures has been presented in the literature. 26,34 Michener et al 26 applied force at the scapula, rather than at the upper extremity, to reduce involvement of joints other than the scapulothoracic joint.…”

Section: Right-sided Symptoms 15mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Currently, there is conflicting evidence in the literature as to which manual muscle test position best assesses the lower trapezius muscle. 22,26 The lower trapezius muscle test position utilized in this study was selected because it is the most commonly described position for testing lower trapezius muscle strength. 34 Michener et al 26 used the lower trapezius manual muscle test position described by Hislop et al, 14 which is similar to the position described by Kendall et al 21 Michener et al 26 utilized surface electromyography to demonstrate that this test position yielded the highest lower trapezius muscle activation, compared to middle trapezius, upper trapezius, and serratus anterior manual muscle test positions.…”

Section: Right-sided Symptoms 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Trapezius Muscle Strength in Individuals With Unilateral Neck Pain

Petersen

Wyatt²

2011

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…All data were collected using a sample rate of 1500 Hz within a bandwidth of 10–500 Hz. This wireless EMG-system has shown to be valid and reliable for collecting EMG-data from the neck/shoulder musculature [35, 36] as well as other muscular groups [37–39]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Brief Daily Resistance Training on Occupational Neck/Shoulder Muscle Activity in Office Workers with Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial

Lidegaard

Jensen

Andersen

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Purpose. This study investigates the acute and longitudinal effects of resistance training on occupational muscle activity in office workers with chronic pain. Methods. 30 female office workers with chronic neck and shoulder pain participated for 10 weeks in high-intensity elastic resistance training for 2 minutes per day (n = 15) or in control receiving weekly email-based information on general health (n = 15). Electromyography (EMG) from the splenius and upper trapezius was recorded during a normal workday. Results. Adherence to training and control interventions were 86% and 89%, respectively. Compared with control, training increased isometric muscle strength 6% (P < 0.05) and decreased neck/shoulder pain intensity by 40% (P < 0.01). The frequency of periods with complete motor unit relaxation (EMG gaps) decreased acutely in the hours after training. By contrast, at 10-week follow-up, training increased average duration of EMG gaps by 71%, EMG gap frequency by 296% and percentage time below 0.5%, and 1.0% EMGmax by 578% and 242%, respectively, during the workday in m. splenius. Conclusion. While resistance training acutely generates a more tense muscle activity pattern, the longitudinal changes are beneficial in terms of longer and more frequent periods of complete muscular relaxation and reduced pain.

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Activation of the trapezius muscle during varied forms of Kendall exercises

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Scapular Muscle-Activation Ratios in Patients With Shoulder Injuries During Functional Shoulder Exercises

Scapular Muscle-Activation Ratios in Patients With Shoulder Injuries During Functional Shoulder Exercises

Lower Trapezius Muscle Strength in Individuals With Unilateral Neck Pain

Effect of Brief Daily Resistance Training on Occupational Neck/Shoulder Muscle Activity in Office Workers with Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial

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