Activation of the biosynthesis of carotenoids by <i>Blakeslea trispora</i>

Ninet, L.; Renaut, J.-J.; Tissier, Renaud

doi:10.1002/bit.260110614

Cited by 52 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The solvents used were analytical reagent grades of petroleum ether (boiling point 30-50 C), acetone, methanol, 95% (4), and by a number of compounds in Blakeslea trispora (11). Furthermore, in the case of Mycobacterium treated with nicotine (8) and Rhodotorula treated with nicotine and CPTA (Hayman and Simpson, unpublished data), the lycopene formed can be converted to the normal pigments on removal of the inhibitor by washing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of γ-Irradiation on the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids in the Tomato Fruit

et al. 1972

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Fruits of the lutescent tomato genetic line were exposed to -y-radiation at different stages of maturity to determine the effect of ionizing radiation on carotenoid synthesis in the ripening fruit. Irradiation generally resulted in the inhibition of carotenogenesis. The effect was more pronounced at the higher dosage and in less mature fruit. Lycopene synthesis was inhibited more extensively than fl-carotene synthesis. The total carotenoid content was also generally lower in irradiated fruits.It was proposed that the fl-carotene in the tomato fruit is formed by a pathway not involving lycopene.Increased respiration, increased softening, and decreased ascorbic acid and sulfhydryl contents are responses that have been found to occur immediately following exposure to ionizing radiation (10,17,21 (15, 16). The apparent conflict in the literature on the effect of ionizing radiation on the pigmentation of tomatoes may be due to problems associated with the actual dose and the maturity of the fruit.The objectives of the study were (a) to determine the effect of y-radiation on carotenoid synthesis in different maturities of the lutescent tomato fruit and (b) to evaluate the results in light of the conflicting data on the biosynthetic pathways leading to /3-carotene synthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODSPlant Materials. The lutescent tomato genetic line was used in this study. It is the same line that was used previously by Raymundo et al. (16). The seedlings were started in the greenhouse and were transplanted to the field the 1st week of June. The fruits were harvested 45 to 50 days from anthesis. The harvested fruits were cleaned in running water, drained, and graded according to size and maturity. Only those fruit which were of uniform size and free from bruises were selected. The fruits were graded according to the following criteria (16) with slight modification: stage 1: white, yellowish green around the stem end; stage 2: white, slightly yellow around the stem end; stage 3: yellow, slight internal pink coloration; stage 4: yellow-orange, externally visible red coloration at the blossom end and throughout the center of the fruit.Irradiation of Fruits. The irradiation treatmiients were carried out in the Natick Army Laboratory in Natick, Massachusetts. The fruits were transported to and from the laboratory by car. The control fruits were also transported to Natick to ensure uniformity in experimental conditions. Irradiation was conducted at room temperature except for the 1.0 megaradtreated samples which were irradiated at about 3 to 4 C. Samples of five fruits from each treatment were removed at random from the ripening room at appropriate intervals. They were transferred to a freezer (-18 C) until analyzed.Solvents. The solvents used were analytical reagent grades of petroleum ether (boiling point 30-50 C), acetone, methanol, 95% ethanol, and ethyl ether. The petroleum ether and acetone were distilled prior to use. Ethyl ether was purified before use through a column of aluminum oxide (basic). Spectral grade pe...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of γ-Irradiation on the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids in the Tomato Fruit

et al. 1972

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“…Wild-type Phycomyces turns red when grown in the presence of cyclase inhibitors: imidazole (6, 7), a-picoline (2-methylpyridine) (6), nicotine (8,9), and 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)triethylamine hydrochloride (CPTA) (10)(11)(12). The Carotene Analysis.…”

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In vivo channeling of substrates in an enzyme aggregate for beta-carotene biosynthesis.

Candau

Bejarano

Cerdá‐Olmedo

1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Lycopene cyclization is inhibited by imidazole, e-picoline, 6-methyl-2-aminopyridine (Ninet et al, 1969;Feofilova et al, 1995), and 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)triethylamineoHCI (CPTA) (Coggins et al, 1970) in B. trispora and by nicotine (Howes and Batra, 1970) in other organisms.…”

Section: In Another Zygomycete Phycomyces Blakesleeanusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Lycopene cyclization in Blakeslea trispora

Mehta

Cerdá‐Olmedo

1999

Mycoscience

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Fungi produce and accumulate various carotenoids. Mycelia of the Zygomycete Blakeslea trispora contained ~-carotene and its precursors T-carotene and lycopene. When strains of opposite sex grew together, the ~-carotene concentration increased fourfold, that of T-carotene remained unchanged, and other intermediates practically disappeared. The inhibitors nicotine, 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)-triethylamine, a-picoline, and imidazole increased the concentrations of lycopene and T-carotene and decreased those of ~-carotene. From our quantitative results, we conclude that Blakeslea has two pathways for lycopene metabolism, of which other fungi have only one or the other. The main one, two cyclizations from lycopene to ~-carotene, is carried out by an enzyme dimer, is stimulated by sexual interaction, and is sensitive to the inhibitors. The other pathway, a cyclization to T-carotene, is not affected by mating or the inhibitors.

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Activation of the biosynthesis of carotenoids by Blakeslea trispora

Cited by 52 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of γ-Irradiation on the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids in the Tomato Fruit

Effect of γ-Irradiation on the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids in the Tomato Fruit

In vivo channeling of substrates in an enzyme aggregate for beta-carotene biosynthesis.

Lycopene cyclization in Blakeslea trispora

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