Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is the major toxic mode of action of an organic extract of a reference urban dust particulate matter mixture: The role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Comparative Analysis of Toxic Responses of Organic Extracts from Diesel and Selected Alternative Fuels Engine Emissions in Human Lung BEAS-2B Cells

“…The similar trend could be also expected for BEAS-2B cell line. Our previous findings indicate that concentration of PAHs in a mixture of organic compounds extracted from reference urban dust particulate matter is higher [45] than in similar organic extracts from standard reference diesel exhaust particle material [25]. Therefore, also AhR-mediated activity of DEP extracts was lower.…”

“…The accuracy and precision of the analytical methods was determined by analyzing of the standard reference material SRM 1650b (Diesel Particulate Matter, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Further details on chemical analysis are described elsewhere [45]. …”

Analysis of gene expression changes in A549 cells induced by organic compounds from respirable air particles

“…In a follow-up study, performed in human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cells A549, we have further observed that EOM-induced DNA adduct levels are relatively low, as compared to levels induced by similar concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) [7]. We suggested that this might be due to competitive inhibitory effects of some non-genotoxic EOM components requiring identical enzymatic activities for their metabolism as genotoxic PAHs, which are mostly responsible for DNA adduct formation by EOM [8]. The same set of EOMs was used in the present study to analyze both AhR-dependent and other modulations of global gene expression in the A549 cell line.…”

Seasonal trends and spatial variations of PM10-bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Veneto Region, Northeast Italy

“…Despite their well documented toxic potential on humans and ecosystems (e.g. WHO, 2000;Billet et al, 2008;Andrysik et al, 2011;Tarantini et al, 2009;IARC, 2010), these compounds have been regulated only in few countries. In Europe, the Directive 2004/ 107/EC included the IARC class 1 human carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) as indicator of particulate carcinogenic PAHs, by establishing an annual target value of 1 ng m À3 in PM 10 .…”