Activation of solid electrodes

Štulı́k, Karel

doi:10.1002/elan.1140040902

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The first step always involves the obtaining of a smooth surface (usually by mechanical polishing), followed by chemical or electrochemical conditioning, or by combination of the two. The most common procedure is electrochemical activation by potential cycling within a suitable range and in a suitable simple (mostly inorganic) electrolyte [26].…”

confidence: 99%

Microelectrodes. Definitions, characterization, and applications (Technical report)

Štulı́k

Amatore

Holub

et al. 2000

Pure and Applied Chemistry

343

216

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confidence: 99%

Microelectrodes. Definitions, characterization, and applications (Technical report)

Štulı́k

Amatore

Holub

et al. 2000

Pure and Applied Chemistry

343

216

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show abstract

“…The most common contemporary approach to the problem is electrochemical treatment of the electrode surface by potentiostatic (sometimes also galvanostatic) pulses prior to and/or during the measurement (for a review see [5]). When looking for new electrode materials, their ability to maintain their activity is also considered, e.g., with boron-doped diamond [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renaissance of HF Impedimetry in Application to CE Detection

Opekar

Štulı́k

2006

Electroanalysis

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Some results obtained at the above department in the field of contactless conductivity detection (CCD) are reviewed, in the framework of the state-of-the-art of the field. Several detection cells have been designed and tested. It has been shown that the performance of systems with planar and semitubular electrodes is fully comparable with that of common cells with tubular electrodes and that these systems have advantages in simpler construction and a greater operational versatility. Important characteristic parameters are discussed, primarily the electrode effective length, the gap between the electrodes and the thickness of the dielectric layer. Possibilities of using thin insulated wire electrodes for CCD detection in flow injection analysis are demonstrated.

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“…Among composite materials, solid graphite composite electrodes have useful characteristics such as a good signal to noise ratio, high mechanical resistance, relative simplicity in preparation and surface renewal and low fabrication cost [11]. Much has been published about poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) -graphite composite electrodes, with application to trace metal detection [12], determination of antioxidants using a flow injection amperometric system [13], dopamine, ascorbic acid and uric acid detection [14] or alditol monitorization using a nickel oxide chemically modified PVC-C composite electrode [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of a new conducting carbon composite electrode

Bârsan

Pinto

Florescu

et al. 2009

Analytica Chimica Acta

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A new conducting composite flexible material prepared from cellulose acetate (CA) polymer and graphite has been developed and used for the fabrication of electrodes, which were then characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to provide information concerning the morphology of the composite electrode surface. The potential window, background currents and capacitance were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in the pH range from 4.6 to 8.2. The voltammetry of model electroactive species demonstrates a close to reversible electrochemical behaviour, under linear diffusion control. The electroactive area of the composite electrodes increases after appropriate electrode polishing and electrochemical pre-treatment. The electrodes were used as substrate for the electropolymerisation of the phenazine dye neutral red, for future use as redox mediator in electrochemical biosensors. The composite electrodes were also successfully used for the amperometric detection of ascorbate at 0.0 V vs. SCE, and applied to the measurement of ascorbate in Vitamin C tablets; the sensor exhibits high sensitivity and a low detection limit of 7.7 microM. Perspectives for use as a versatile, mechanically flexible and robust composite electrode of easily adaptable dimensions are indicated.

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Activation of solid electrodes

Abstract: The mechanical and physicochemical techniques for activation of solid voltammetric electrodes-that is, polishing, chemical, and electrochemical treatment and modification of the electrode surface by heat or electromagnetic radiation-are briefly surveyed and critically evaluated.

Cited by 42 publications

References 64 publications

Microelectrodes. Definitions, characterization, and applications (Technical report)

Microelectrodes. Definitions, characterization, and applications (Technical report)

Renaissance of HF Impedimetry in Application to CE Detection

Development and characterization of a new conducting carbon composite electrode

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