2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.08.007
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Activation of glucocorticoid receptors in Müller glia is protective to retinal neurons and suppresses microglial reactivity

Abstract: Reactive microglia and macrophages are prevalent in damaged retinas. Glucocorticoid signaling is known to suppress inflammation and the reactivity of microglia and macrophages. In the vertebrate retina, the glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) is known to be activated and localized to the nuclei of Müller glia (Gallina et al., 2014). Accordingly, we investigated how signaling through GCR influences the survival of neurons using the chick retina in vivo as a model system. We applied intraocular injections of GCR agoni… Show more

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Cited by 39 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…Further, their data suggest that inhibition of microglia activation is an indirect effect of activated glucocorticoid signaling in MG, the primary site of glucocorticoid receptor expression in chick and several other vertebrate species investigated (49). In contrast to our findings, Dex functioned as a neuroprotectant in the injured chick retina.…”
Section: Microglia Exhibit Several Hallmarks Of Phagocyte Activation Incontrasting
confidence: 56%
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“…Further, their data suggest that inhibition of microglia activation is an indirect effect of activated glucocorticoid signaling in MG, the primary site of glucocorticoid receptor expression in chick and several other vertebrate species investigated (49). In contrast to our findings, Dex functioned as a neuroprotectant in the injured chick retina.…”
Section: Microglia Exhibit Several Hallmarks Of Phagocyte Activation Incontrasting
confidence: 56%
“…Here, we report chemically enhanced rod photoreceptor regeneration kinetics in zebrafish. Somewhat confoundingly, the glucocorticoid antagonist RU486 has been shown to promote the regeneration of amacrine cells in the chick retina (49). However, this promotion appears to be an effect of MG-derived progenitors on differentiation, because amacrine cells are restored at the expense of MG. We currently are exploring the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying Dexenhanced regeneration in the fish retina.…”
Section: Immunomodulator-induced Resolution Of Activated Microgliamentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Similar to the zebrafish, a network of cell-signaling pathways that influence MGPC-formation is being uncovered in the chick model system. The network of pathways that control the formation of MGPCs is known to include Notch-, Wnt-, MAPK-, Jak/Stat-, mTor-, Hedgehog-, and glucocorticoid-signaling (Fischer et al, 2009a, 2009b, Gallina et al, 2015, 2014; Ghai et al, 2010; Hayes et al, 2007; Todd et al, 2016; Todd and Fischer, 2015; Zelinka et al, 2016). In the mammalian retina, Müller glia retain a severely limited capacity to become MGPCs and this process requires damage followed by growth factor stimulation, or transgenic overexpression of the proneural transcription factor ascl1 (Karl et al, 2008; Ooto et al, 2004; Ueki et al, 2015).…”
Section: Gene Therapy and Retinal Regenerationmentioning
confidence: 99%