Activation of a LTR-retrotransposon by telomere erosion

Scholes, Derek T.; Kenny, Alison E.; Gamache, Eric R.; Mou, Zhongming; Curcio, M. Joan

doi:10.1073/pnas.2136609100

Cited by 69 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…1C). Ty1 retrotransposition exhibits a similar increase during senescence and subsequent decrease following survivor formation in the BY4742 background (Scholes et al 2003). The similarity in the trends for Ty1 retrotransposition and retrosequence formation is consistent with Ty1's role in retrosequence formation.…”

Section: Progressive Induction Of Retrosequence Formation During Senesupporting

confidence: 63%

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Retrosequence formation restructures the yeast genome

Maxwell¹,

Curcio²

2007

Genes Dev.

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Retrosequences generated by reverse transcription of mRNA transcripts have a substantial influence on gene expression patterns, generation of novel gene functions, and genome organization. The Ty1 retrotransposon is a major source of RT activity in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Ty1 retromobility is greatly elevated in strains lacking telomerase. We report that Ty1-dependent formation of retrosequences derived from single-copy gene transcripts is progressively elevated as yeast cells senesce in the absence of telomerase. Retrosequences are frequently fused to Ty1 sequences, and occasionally to sequences from other mRNA transcripts, forming chimeric pseudogenes. Efficient retrosequence formation requires the homologous recombination gene RAD52. Selection for retrosequence formation is correlated with a high frequency of chromosome rearrangements in telomerase-negative yeast. Ty1-associated retrosequences were present at the breakpoint junctions of four chromosomes analyzed in detail. Our results support a role for reverse transcripts in promoting chromosome rearrangements.[Keywords: Retrosequence; pseudogene; Ty1; telomeres; Saccharomyces cerevisiae] Supplemental material is available at http://www.genesdev.org.

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Section: Progressive Induction Of Retrosequence Formation During Senesupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Ty1 mRNA is reverse-transcribed into cDNA in cytoplasmic virus-like particles, and both Ty1 cDNA synthesis and retromobility progressively increase as telomerase-negative S. cerevisiae strains senesce (Scholes et al 2003). Telomerase-negative yeast strains also have elevated levels of chromosome rearrangements during late senescence (Hackett et al 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrosequence formation restructures the yeast genome

Maxwell¹,

Curcio²

2007

Genes Dev.

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“…TEs are also known to maintain telomeres in Drosophila (Biessmann et al 1992;Pardue et al 1996). Retroelements may also be capable of mobilizing in response to genomic damage in general (Scholes et al 2003) or of being co-opted by their hosts completely (Lynch and Tristem 2003).…”

Section: Possible Explanations For the Pattern Of Conserved Te Sequenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrotransposon Sequence Variation in Four Asexual Plant Species

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Transposable elements (TEs) can be viewed as genetic parasites that persist in populations due to their capacity for increase in copy number and the inefficacy of selection against them. A corollary of this hypothesis is that TEs are more likely to spread within sexual populations and be eliminated or inactivated within asexual populations. While previous work with animals has shown that asexual taxa may contain less TE diversity than sexual taxa, comparable work with plants has been lacking. Here we report the results of a study of Ty1/copia, Ty3/ gypsy, and LINE-like retroelement diversity in four asexual plant species. Retroelement-like sequences, with a high degree of conservation both within and between species, were isolated from all four species. The sequences correspond to several previously annotated retroelement subfamilies. They also exhibit a pattern of nucleotide substitution characterized by an excess of synonymous substitutions, suggestive of a history of purifying selection. These findings were compared with retroelement sequence evolution in sexual plant taxa. One likely explanation for the discovery of conserved TE sequences in the genomes of these asexual taxa is simply that asexuality within these taxa evolved relatively recently, such that the loss and breakdown of TEs is not yet detectable through analysis of sequence diversity. This explanation is examined by conducting stochastic simulation of TE evolution and by using published information to infer rough estimates of the ages of asexual taxa.

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“…Moreover, immobilizing the common retrotransposons in a dynamic nucleolus associated domain provides a mechanism for controlling genomic recombination (Crombach and Hogeweg, 2007;Hughes and Friedman, 2004;Umezu et al, 2002). For example, the loss of telomerase, and concomitant telomere erosion, activates Ty retrotransposition (Scholes et al, 2003) due to the break-down of the specialized chromatin domain in which they are co-localized with the subtelomeric Y elements. Thus, the non-random distribution of Ty elements and their role in regulating genome architecture indicates that the retrotransposon-yeast relationship is mutualistic.…”

Section: S 25s Its1 and It2 Rrnas) Mspi Restriction Sites Are Depmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated elements coordinate the spatial organization of the yeast genome

O’Sullivan

Sontam

Grierson

et al. 2009

Yeast

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The spatial organization of the chromosomes is crucial for gene expression and development. Inter-and intrachromosomal interactions form a crucial part of this epigenomic regulatory system. Here we use circular chromosome conformation capture-on-chip (4C) to identify interactions between repetitive and non-repetitive loci within the yeast genome. The interacting regions occur in non-randomly distributed clusters. Furthermore, the SIR2 histone deacetylase has opposing roles in the organization of the inter-or intrachromosomal interactions. These data establish a dynamic domain model for yeast genome organization. Moreover, they point to the repeated elements playing a central role in the dynamic organization of genome architecture.

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Activation of a LTR-retrotransposon by telomere erosion

Cited by 69 publications

References 47 publications

Retrosequence formation restructures the yeast genome

Retrosequence formation restructures the yeast genome

Retrotransposon Sequence Variation in Four Asexual Plant Species

Repeated elements coordinate the spatial organization of the yeast genome

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