Activation capability of water soluble organic substances as CCN

Hori, Masahiro; Ohta, Sachio; Murao, Naoto; Yamagata, Sadamu

doi:10.1016/s0021-8502(02)00190-8

Cited by 120 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

133

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…DCAs are found at rural (Legrand et al 2007), urban (Kawamura and Ikushima 1993), and marine sites (Kawamura and Usukura 1993), which raises questions about their sources, precursors, and formation processes. Moreover, DCAs may play a role as cloud condensation nuclei (Hori et al 2003). Consistently, the main dicarboxylic acid found in aerosols is oxalic acid (mainly in its deprotonated form, oxalate) with concentrations of tens to hundreds of ng/m 3 air (Kawamura and Usukura 1993;Hsieh et al 2007;Legrand et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A Preparative 2D-Chromatography Method for Compound-Specific Radiocarbon Analysis of Dicarboxylic Acids in Aerosols

Fahrni

Ruff

Wacker³

et al. 2010

Radiocarbon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. There is a great scientific demand for an assessment of the sources and formation processes of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols since they strongly influence the global radiation balance and affect public health. Much attention in atmospheric studies has been paid to dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) due to their abundance at substantially different sites and their potential influence on cloud formation processes. Nevertheless, sources of oxalic acid (HOOCCOOH) and other DCAs are not well understood yet. In order to quantify contributions of fossil and non-fossil sources, a method for the preparative separation of oxalic acid and other DCAs from aerosols for compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) has been developed. This method consists of a water extraction of aerosols collected on quartz-fiber filters followed by 2 consecutive liquid chromatography (LC) steps on different chromatography columns (2D-chromatography). Through the use of aqueous, completely non-organic eluents and single injections into liquid chromatography, low blank levels are achieved with total oxalic acid recoveries of up to 66%. Upon separation, 14 C measurements of small samples (containing typically 10-20 µg carbon) are conducted at the gas ion source of the 200kV accelerator mass spectrometry facility MICADAS. The method is verified with processed reference materials, artificial mixtures of oxalic acid with typical matrix components, and a standard addition of ambient aerosols. Two exemplary field samples show dominant non-fossil sources of oxalic acid.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A Preparative 2D-Chromatography Method for Compound-Specific Radiocarbon Analysis of Dicarboxylic Acids in Aerosols

Fahrni

Ruff

Wacker³

et al. 2010

Radiocarbon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Evidence has been found that organic aerosol particles generated by atomization from water solutions may retain water from the solution, even after drying to low relative humidity before size selection (Hori et al, 2003;Bilde and Svenningsson, 2004;Henning et al, 2005). This is important because the phase state of the particle is an important factor in its CCN activity.…”

Section: Filter Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also concluded that the ability of a compound to act as a CCN beyond what would be predicted based on solubility alone is a result of the existence of particles in a metastable state at low relative humidity (RH). Hori et al (2003) found that particle drying, solute vaporization, morphology, and hydrophobicity were key factors in theoretical prediction and experimental interpretation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) behavior of organic aerosol particles generated by atomization of water and methanol solutions

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) experimentswere carried out for malonic acid, succinic acid, oxalacetic acid, DL-malic acid, glutaric acid, DL-glutamic acid monohydrate, and adipic acid, using both water and methanol as atomization solvents, at three operating supersaturations (0.11%, 0.21%, and 0.32%) in the Caltech three-column CCN instrument (CCNC3). Predictions of CCN behavior for five of these compounds were made using the Aerosol Diameter Dependent Equilibrium Model (ADDEM). The experiments presented here expose important considerations associated with the laboratory measurement of the CCN behavior of organic compounds. Choice of atomization solvent results in significant differences in CCN activation for some of the compounds studied, which could result from residual solvent, particle morphology differences, and chemical reactions between the particle and gas phases. Also, significant changes in aerosol size distribution occurred after classification in a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) for malonic acid and glutaric acid, preventing confident interpretation of experimental data for these two compounds. Filter analysis of adipic acid atomized from methanol solution indicates that gas-particle phase reactions may have taken place after atomization and before methanol was removed from the sample gas stream. Careful consideration of these experimental issues is necessary for successful design and interpretation of laboratory CCN measurements.

show abstract

“…Previous observational studies have reported that organic aerosols also contribute significantly to CCN number concentrations (Navakov and Penner, 1993;Matsumoto et al, 1998). Organics potentially play an important role in regulating the CCN activity of atmospheric aerosols (e.g., Hori et al, 2003), and comprise a substantial fraction (around 20% to 90%) of the submicrometer aerosol mass . Thus, it is important to know how the organics in the aerosols affect their CCN properties in the ambient atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Measurement of CCN Activity and Chemical Composition of Fine-Mode Aerosols at Noto Peninsula, Japan, in Autumn 2012

Iwamoto

Kinouchi

Watanabe

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Size resolved CCN activity and bulk chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols in the submicrometer size range were measured at Noto Ground-based Research Observatory (NOTOGRO), facing the Sea of Japan at the tip of Noto Peninsula, in autumn 2012. In the atmospheric measurement, the CCN efficiency spectra, where the CCN number fraction is plotted against the diameter of aerosols, were obtained for four different supersaturation (SS) conditions. The hygroscopicity parameter κ, which depends on the chemical composition of aerosols, was estimated from analysis of the CCN spectra. The CCN activation diameters of ambient aerosols were clearly larger than those of pure ammonium sulfate under all SS conditions. The bulk chemical composition derived by an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) also indicated the significant mass fraction of organics in the submicrometer size range. The relationship between the estimated κ values and the CCN activation diameters suggests that organics contribute the aerosol mass especially in the size range of less than 100 nm. The contribution of organics observed in this study was more apparent than those of other sites in East Asia. The mass concentrations and chemical compositions of the aerosols varied with trajectory pathway, which caused large fluctuations in κ values especially at higher SS conditions. The negative correlations between organic mass fraction and the diameters of cloud droplet diameters were observed under low SS conditions (0.13% and 0.25%), suggesting that less-hygroscopic organics, that can suppress the initial growth rates of cloud droplets, were included during the periods of large organic mass concentrations.

show abstract

Activation capability of water soluble organic substances as CCN

Cited by 120 publications

References 39 publications

A Preparative 2D-Chromatography Method for Compound-Specific Radiocarbon Analysis of Dicarboxylic Acids in Aerosols

A Preparative 2D-Chromatography Method for Compound-Specific Radiocarbon Analysis of Dicarboxylic Acids in Aerosols

Cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) behavior of organic aerosol particles generated by atomization of water and methanol solutions

Simultaneous Measurement of CCN Activity and Chemical Composition of Fine-Mode Aerosols at Noto Peninsula, Japan, in Autumn 2012

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About