Activation and Regulation of B Cell Responses by Invariant Natural Killer T Cells

Doherty, Derek G.; Melo, Ashanty M; Moreno‐Olivera, Ana; Solomos, Andreas C.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01360

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 147 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Notably, CD4 GMM-and MA-specific T cells express CD40 ligand (CD40L), which suggests that these T cells may be involved in B cell maturation and immunoglobulin class-switching (83). iNKT cells have previously been shown to provide both cognate and non-cognate help to B cell class switching and affinity maturation (98)(99)(100). Similarly, supernatants from activated MAIT cells promote B cell differentiation into plasmablasts, and production of IgA, IgM, and IgG antibodies (101).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T Cell Responses to Mycobacterial Glycolipids: On the Spectrum of “Innateness”

James

Seshadri

2020

Front. Immunol.

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Diseases due to mycobacteria, including tuberculosis, leprosy, and Buruli ulcer, rank among the top causes of death and disability worldwide. Animal studies have revealed the importance of T cells in controlling these infections. However, the specific antigens recognized by T cells that confer protective immunity and their associated functions remain to be definitively established. T cells that respond to mycobacterial peptide antigens exhibit classical features of adaptive immunity and have been well-studied in humans and animal models. Recently, innate-like T cells that recognize lipid and metabolite antigens have also been implicated. Specifically, T cells that recognize mycobacterial glycolipid antigens (mycolipids) have been shown to confer protection to tuberculosis in animal models and share some biological characteristics with adaptive and innate-like T cells. Here, we review the existing data suggesting that mycolipid-specific T cells exist on a spectrum of "innateness," which will influence how they can be leveraged to develop new diagnostics and vaccines for mycobacterial diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T Cell Responses to Mycobacterial Glycolipids: On the Spectrum of “Innateness”

James

Seshadri

2020

Front. Immunol.

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“…B cells are the source of anti-platelet antibodies, and B cells producing antibodies to glycoprotein IIb-IIIa have been shown to be increased in ITP patients (48). In addition, the reduction of NK cells which have an inhibitory effect on B cells in ITP patients may have caused an increase in CD19 + B cells (43). In our study, the CD19 + B-cell rate above the reference range in 5 patients (10.6%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + natural killer cells are very important in establishing an immune response against viral infections. NK cells have an inhibitory effect on antibody production and play a significant role in B cell regulation (43). Therefore, it is not surprising that the NK cell rate decreases in autoimmune diseases (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse Angle: Immunological Evaluation of Patients with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Aytekin¹,

Yıldız²,

Çölkesen³

et al. 2019

Asthma Allergy Immunol

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Objective: Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, immune thrombocytopenic purpura) is an acquired thrombocytopenia caused by anti-platelet antibodies. The diagnosis of ITP may be challenging due to the various potential causes of thrombocytopenia, some of which are overlooked. Immunodeficiencies are also a rare cause of ITP. Although autoimmunity and, therefore, ITP are a common complication in primary immunodeficiency (PI) patients, there are not many publications in the literature that examine the frequency of PI in ITP patients and the immune abnormalities in these patients. Materials and Methods:Forty-five patients with ITP (F: 37 [78.7%], M: 10 [21.3%]) were included in the study (age 42.9 ± 15.9).Results: At least one antibody deficiency was detected in 7 patients (14.9%), and following further investigations, 2 patients (4.3%) were diagnosed with CVID, 3 (6.4%) with IgG deficiency, 1 (2.1%) with selective IgA deficiency and 1 (2.1%) with possible IgM deficiency. Immunoglobulin levels were normal while at least one abnormality was detected in 20 patients (42.6%) in peripheral lymphocyte subset analyses. The most common abnormality in this patient group was a reduced percentage of CD4+ T-cells (9 patients, 45% of patients with PLS abnormalities, 19.1% of all patients). CD3+ T-cell rates in 8 patients (17.8%), CD19+ B-cell rates in 6 (12.8%), CD3-CD16+56+ natural killer cell rates in 4 (8.5%), and CD4/CD8 cell ratios in 7 (14.9%) were reduced. In addition, the CD8+ T-cell rate in 8 patients (17%) was above the reference ranges. Conclusion:Adult patients who are diagnosed with ITP may develop a variety of immunological abnormalities in addition to hypogammaglobulinemia. Therefore, clinicians should not overlook immunological evaluation in the etiological investigation of ITP and should closely monitor patients with immunological abnormalities.

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“…In adipose tissue, iNKT cell interactions with macrophages set the metabolic tone of the whole animal and affect insulin sensitivity and propensity toward obesity (Lynch et al , , ; Exley et al , ). In addition to the well‐described NKT1/2/17 subsets, iNKT cells can also have follicular helper function (Chang et al , ; King et al , ; Dellabona et al , ; Doherty et al , ) and regulatory function (Monteiro et al , ; Sag et al , ), or produce primarily IL‐9 (Kim & Chung, ; Monteiro et al , ). The role of iNKT cell subsets in distinct tissue environments has been often difficult to elucidate due to poor cell recovery and a paucity of iNKT cells at baseline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transnuclear mice reveal Peyer's patch iNKT cells that regulate B‐cell class switching to IgG1

et al. 2019

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Tissue‐resident iNKT cells maintain tissue homeostasis and peripheral surveillance against pathogens; however, studying these cells is challenging due to their low abundance and poor recovery from tissues. We here show that iNKT transnuclear mice, generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer, have increased tissue resident iNKT cells. We examined expression of PLZF, T‐bet, and RORγt, as well as cytokine/chemokine profiles, and found that both monoclonal and polyclonal iNKT cells differentiated into functional subsets that faithfully replicated those seen in wild‐type mice. We detected iNKT cells from tissues in which they are rare, including adipose, lung, skin‐draining lymph nodes, and a previously undescribed population in Peyer's patches (PP). PP‐NKT cells produce the majority of the IL‐4 in Peyer's patches and provide indirect help for B‐cell class switching to IgG1 in both transnuclear and wild‐type mice. Oral vaccination with α‐galactosylceramide shows enhanced fecal IgG1 titers in iNKT cell‐sufficient mice. Transcriptional profiling reveals a unique signature of PP‐NKT cells, characterized by tissue residency. We thus define PP‐NKT as potentially important for surveillance for mucosal pathogens.

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Activation and Regulation of B Cell Responses by Invariant Natural Killer T Cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 147 publications

T Cell Responses to Mycobacterial Glycolipids: On the Spectrum of “Innateness”

T Cell Responses to Mycobacterial Glycolipids: On the Spectrum of “Innateness”

Reverse Angle: Immunological Evaluation of Patients with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Transnuclear mice reveal Peyer's patch iNKT cells that regulate B‐cell class switching to IgG1

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