Activation and inactivation of herbicides by higher plants

Matsunaka, Shooichi

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8443-8_4

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Attempts to improve efficacy of propanil have included the use of carbamate and organophosphorus insecticides as synergists12h14 since these compounds are known to inhibit aryl acylamidase activity15 thereby enhancing the phytotoxicity of propanil by reducing its metabolism. 3,4,16,17 However, tolerance to propanil in E. colona increases with plant age, possibly due to an observed decrease in uptake of this herbicide. 18 Consequently, selective phytotoxicity of propanil based upon di †erences in aryl acylamidase-mediated metabolism is progressively reduced with plant age, suggesting that even propanilÈ insecticide mixtures would have limited use in the control of older E. colona plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Mono-oxygenase Inhibitors on Uptake, Metabolism and Phytotoxicity of Propanil in Resistant Biotypes of Jungle-Rice,Echinochloa Colona

et al. 1997

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: The e †ect of the mono-oxygenase inhibitors tridiphane, piperonyl butoxide and prochloraz on propanil uptake, metabolism and phytotoxicity was measured in a resistant (R) biotype of Echinochloa colona. The uptake of propanil was not signiÐcantly a †ected by any of the three mono-oxygenase inhibitors. The Ðrst metabolite of propanil metabolism, 3,4-dichloroaniline, was found to accumulate to higher levels in E. colona treated with each of the mono-oxygenase inhibitors mixed with formulated propanil, compared to propanil applied alone.Accumulation of further metabolites of propanil (glucosyl-3,4-dichloroaniline and bound products) was reduced in the presence of mono-oxygenase inhibitors, compared with propanil application alone. Leaf damage caused by a single drop of propanil compared to propanil ] mono-oxygenase inhibitor was used to assess the degree of propanil tolerance in E. colona biotypes. Leaf damage was signiÐcantly greater in propanil ] mono-oxygenase inhibitor treatments. No leaf damage was observed in mono-oxygenase inhibitor treatments alone at the concentrations used.Peroxidase activity was measured in crude extracts of the R-biotype of E. colona using 3,4-dichloroaniline as substrate, in the presence and absence of mono-oxygenase inhibitors and the speciÐc peroxidase inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid. Peroxidase activity was inhibited by all three monooxygenase inhibitors at 10 kM and by salicylhydroxamic acid at 1 kM. Glucosyl-3,4-dichloroaniline was found not to be a substrate for peroxidase activity.These results suggest that the incorporation of 3,4-dichloroaniline into bound residues involves peroxidase activity which can be inhibited by mono-oxygenase inhibitors. When peroxidase activity is inhibited, the precursor metabolite 3,4-dichloroaniline accumulates, and propanil resistance in E. colona is reduced, possibly as a consequence of phytotoxicity of this metabolite and/or product inhibition of the Ðrst step in propanil metabolism, responsible for the formation of 3,4-dichloroaniline. Glasshouse trials have demonstrated that the application of mono-oxygenase inhibitors, (particularly tridiphane which is also known to inhibit glutathione transferase activity) with propanil o †ers a promising approach to the control of propanil resistant biotypes of Jungle-Rice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Mono-oxygenase Inhibitors on Uptake, Metabolism and Phytotoxicity of Propanil in Resistant Biotypes of Jungle-Rice,Echinochloa Colona

et al. 1997

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“…The combination of linuron plus oxy fluorfen was antagonistic 9 h after oxyfluorfen application ( Figure 6), and suggests that the site of action of oxyfluorfen is different from dinoseb. Previous work (19) showed that the coexistence of the electron transport inhibitor simazine [2chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine] and the diphenyl ether nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether) did not affect the activity of nitrofen on rice plants.…”

Section: Oxyfluorfen Concentration (M)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Site of Action of Oxyfluorfen

1980

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The effects of oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] were studied on electron transport and phosphorylation in isolated spinach (Spinacia oleraceaL.) chloroplasts and on the response of green bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL. ‘Spartan Arrow’) to applications of oxyfluorfen alone or in combination with other herbicides. Coupled non-cyclic electron transfer and phosphorylation through photosystems I and II (H2O å methyl viologen) were inhibited about 30% and 55%, respectively, by 10−4M oxyfluorfen. Photosystem II-linked phosphorylation with dimethylbenzoquinone (2,5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone) as the electron acceptor (H2O å DMQ) was completely inhibited by 10−4M oxyfluorfen. Photosystem II electron transport with dimethylbenzoquinone as the electron acceptor was inhibited 60% by 10−4M oxyfluorfen, whereas photosystem I electron transport with 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol as electron donor (DCIPH2å MV) was not susceptible to oxyfluorfen inhibition. Photosystem I-linked phosphorylation and the accompanying electron transport supported by durohydroquinone electron donation (DQH2å MV) were inhibited about 50% by 10−4M oxyfluorfen, whereas cyclic phosphorylation was not inhibited at that concentration. Increased conductivity of a solution that contained leaf discs taken from green beans treated with various combinations of foliar-applied herbicides was a measure of membrane damage caused by the herbicides, and revealed that oxyfluorfen has a different site of action than do photosynthesis inhibitor and bipyridilium herbicides. Oxyfluorfen plus dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) injury to green beans was additive, but the two herbicides did not have the same site of action. Oxyfluorfen did not appear to inhibit electron transport in chloroplasts at herbicidal rates, nor was it dependent on electron transport for activation.

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“…Investigators have obtained good control of many broadleaf weeds with acifluorfen while maintaining good crop tolerance (6,11,13). One group of diphenylether herbicides (15) has ortho -substituentts) on one benzene ring and requires light energy to kill plants; hence, they are inactive in the dark. These ortho-substituted diphenylethers can also be distinguished by other properties, such as their selectivity to rice (Oryza sativa L.) and barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration, Translocation, and Metabolism of Acifluorfen in Soybean (Glycine max), Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), and Common Cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum)

Ritter

Coble

1981

Weed sci.

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Penetration, translocation, and metabolism of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} in soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Ransom’], common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifoliaL.), and common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr.) were studied. Using liquid scintillation spectrometry and autoradiography, little movement of14C-acifluorfen from the leaf surfaces of the two weed species could be detected in 24 h. After 48 h, less14C was recovered from the leaf surface and more was found within the leaves of the two weed species. Autoradiographs of the weed showed limited acropetal movement of14C from leaves 24 and 48 h after treatment. For soybean, most of the14C still remained on the leaf surface after 48 h. Autoradiographs of soybean plants showed no movement from the treated leaflet. Studies using thin layer chromatography suggested that acifluorfen was metabolized within the plants. Rate of metabolism was inversely related to plant susceptibility (common ragweed and common cocklebur>soybean). The more rapid penetration and translocation, coupled with slower metabolism of acifluorfen by the weed species in comparison to soybean, may account for the difference in susceptibility of the weeds and soybean to acifluorfen.

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Activation and inactivation of herbicides by higher plants

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Mono-oxygenase Inhibitors on Uptake, Metabolism and Phytotoxicity of Propanil in Resistant Biotypes of Jungle-Rice,Echinochloa Colona

Effect of Mono-oxygenase Inhibitors on Uptake, Metabolism and Phytotoxicity of Propanil in Resistant Biotypes of Jungle-Rice,Echinochloa Colona

Site of Action of Oxyfluorfen

Penetration, Translocation, and Metabolism of Acifluorfen in Soybean (Glycine max), Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), and Common Cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum)

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