Activated sludge and other aerobic suspended culture processes

Ouyang, Jia; Li, Chunying; Li, Wei; Dong, Weixia; Zhao, Min; Zhao, Zixu; Zhang, Jie; Chang, Chein‐Chi

doi:10.1002/wer.1427

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Despite all limitations regarding the complexity of the experimental system, these findings hold significant value when compared to natural sites. The processes of apatite precipitation induced by phosphate enrichment via microbial activity, shown in our experimental work, occur regularly in sewer plants 27 on a large scale and almost naturalistic environment. The technical setups take into consideration the complexity, size, pH, and Eh-values and microbial population surrogates for our proposed fossilization hot spots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Enzymatic phosphatization of fish scales—a pathway for fish fossilization

Gäb,

Bierbaum,

Wirth

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Phosphatized fish fossils occur in various locations worldwide. Although these fossils have been intensively studied over the past decades they remain a matter of ongoing research. The mechanism of the permineralization reaction itself remains still debated in the community. The mineralization in apatite of a whole fish requires a substantial amount of phosphate which is scarce in seawater, so the origin of the excess is unknown. Previous research has shown that alkaline phosphatase, a ubiquitous enzyme, can increase the phosphate content in vitro in a medium to the degree of saturation concerning apatite. We applied this principle to an experimental setup where fish scales were exposed to commercial bovine alkaline phosphatase. We analyzed the samples with SEM and TEM and found that apatite crystals had formed on the remaining soft tissue. A comparison of these newly formed apatite crystals with fish fossils from the Solnhofen and Santana fossil deposits showed striking similarities. Both are made up of almost identically sized and shaped nano-apatites. This suggests a common formation process: the spontaneous precipitation from an oversaturated solution. The excess activity of alkaline phosphatase could explain that effect. Therefore, our findings could provide insight into the formation of well-preserved fossils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…This mechanism is used for the recuperation of phosphorus from the sewage at the biological clarification stage in sewage treatment plants 22 . In this setting, phosphate oversaturation and precipitation of inorganic hydroxylapatite (HAP) can be observed regularly 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic phosphatization of fish scales—a pathway for fish fossilization

Gäb,

Bierbaum,

Wirth

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…The water evaporation during viticulture was large, and the ratio of product to total input was significantly small, resulting in the lowest

{P_i}

(0.001). The activated sludge process was used for ST (Ouyang et al., 2019). It has been applied multiple time, and the company does not have accurate material quality statistics for the ST.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial metabolism analysis of a Chinese wine industry chain based on material flow and input–output analyses

Liu

Jia

et al. 2021

J of Industrial Ecology

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Recently, Chinese wine industry has developed rapidly and its sustainability has attracted increasing attention. However, the existing wine industry chain is short and its metabolic pathway and metabolic efficiency remain unknown. Therefore, we selected a representative wine company in China to conduct industrial metabolism analysis (IMA) research based on material flow analysis (MFA) and input–output analysis. MFA model and input–output matrix for the traditional industry chain (TIC) and ecological industry chain (EIC) of the investigated company were established to explore the material flow relationship between the industrial structure and the nodes. A new IMA evaluation index system was developed to evaluate the industrial metabolic efficiency and development trends of two scenarios considered in the study. The results showed that the addition of nodes in EIC promoted the reuse of byproducts and wastes, and reduced the waste of resources. The industrial metabolic efficiency of EIC was also higher than that of TIC. For example, the node material cycle coefficient (Ri) during the preliminary treatment and pressing and fermentation of EIC was increased by 0.041 and 0.127, respectively, compared with TIC. A correlation analysis showed that EIC nodes had stronger pull and push effects on upstream and downstream than those of TIC, and the influence coefficient (Uj) of viticulture and pressing and fermentation increased by 0.168 and 0.112, respectively. This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the wine industrial layout, improving the overall environmental performance of the industry chain, and promoting sustainable development.

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“…Activated sludge plays a crucial role in the secondary treatment of wastewater treatment plants [20]. This process is meticulously designed to degrade a variety of organic pollutants [21,22]; this results in the emergence of a highly complex community struc-ture [23,24]. This structure encompasses a diverse ecological network, including prokaryotes, eukaryotes, phages, and various other microorganisms [25].…”

Section: Potential Biological Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Ecological Impact of Wastewater Discharges on Microbial and Contaminant Dynamics in Rivers

Jing,

Sajnani,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Water

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This study focused on assessing the impact of pollutants discharged from the Fuxin Meng Wastewater Treatment Plant (FMWWTP) on the microbial communities in the Xi River; specific comparison between upstream and downstream regions was made. Water samples were obtained by mixing morning, midday, and evening sampling at two points: one upstream and one downstream, each 500 m from the FMWWTP outfall. Utilizing metagenomic sequencing in conjunction with measured conventional physical and chemical properties, the research aimed to elucidate differences in microbial community structure, metabolic functions, potential biological contamination, and antibiotic resistance gene prevalence. The findings indicated a notable decrease in microbial diversity downstream compared to upstream; this was influenced primarily by the effluent from FMWWTP. This disparity in microbial diversity was evident at various taxonomic levels, with downstream samples showing higher diversity at the phylum level than at the genus level. Furthermore, downstream microbial populations demonstrated a broader range of metabolic and functional genetic diversity. Interestingly, the abundance of metabolic systems was generally greater downstream, with the notable exception of energy metabolism. This could be attributed to the stress imposed on downstream microorganisms by organic chemicals discharged from the treatment plant, and this prompts an enhanced metabolic decomposition function. The study also uncovered significant levels of potential biological contamination and antibiotic resistance gene pollution. This was more pronounced downstream of FMWWTP. In conclusion, discharge from FMWWTP has a substantial impact on the microbial communities of the Xi River, and this underscores the urgent need to optimize wastewater treatment processes to better comply with environmental quality standards.

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Activated sludge and other aerobic suspended culture processes

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Enzymatic phosphatization of fish scales—a pathway for fish fossilization

Enzymatic phosphatization of fish scales—a pathway for fish fossilization

Industrial metabolism analysis of a Chinese wine industry chain based on material flow and input–output analyses

Evaluating the Ecological Impact of Wastewater Discharges on Microbial and Contaminant Dynamics in Rivers

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