2019
DOI: 10.1002/art.41052
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Activated M2 Macrophages Contribute to the Pathogenesis of IgG4‐Related Disease via Toll‐like Receptor 7/Interleukin‐33 Signaling

Abstract: Objective IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a unique inflammatory disorder in which Th2 cytokines promote IgG4 production. In addition, recent studies have implicated the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) pathway. This study was undertaken to examine the expression of TLRs in salivary glands (SGs) from patients with IgG4‐RD. Methods SGs from 15 patients with IgG4‐RD, 15 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS), 10 patients with chronic sialadenitis, and 10 healthy controls were examined histologically. TLR family gene exp… Show more

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Cited by 57 publications
(58 citation statements)
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“…In addition, the induction of remission by PSL markedly lowered the serum concentrations of IgG4, IFN-α, and IL-33. As has been shown in previous reports, including our own, the activation of IFN-α and IL-33 is involved in the immunopathogenesis of experimental AIP and human type 1 AIP/IgG4-RD 1 , 15 19 , 30 , 31 . However, the utility of serum IFN-α and IL-33 levels as biomarkers of type 1 AIP/IgG4-RD has never been evaluated.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 80%
“…In addition, the induction of remission by PSL markedly lowered the serum concentrations of IgG4, IFN-α, and IL-33. As has been shown in previous reports, including our own, the activation of IFN-α and IL-33 is involved in the immunopathogenesis of experimental AIP and human type 1 AIP/IgG4-RD 1 , 15 19 , 30 , 31 . However, the utility of serum IFN-α and IL-33 levels as biomarkers of type 1 AIP/IgG4-RD has never been evaluated.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 80%
“…The binding leads to release of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6), B cell growth factors (BAFF and APRIL) and Th2 differentiation cytokine (IL-4) to induce B cell maturation and Igs class-switch from IgE to IgG4 by modified Th2 response. For clarifying the properties of fibroinflammatory cytokines and their individual producing cells, many authors have successively demonstrated that IL-10 and IL-13 released from Th2, B lymphocyte-activating factor of TN F family (BAFF) and a proliferating inducing ligand (APRIL) released from M2-M φ and PMN, IL-4 and IRF-7 released from p DC, IL-33 released from antigen presenting cell (APC) and endothelial cell (EC) in patients with IgG4-RD [ 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 ]. In addition, activated M2-M φ may release profibrotic cytokines (TGF-β and IL-33) to activate the production of profibrotic cytokines from Treg including TGF-β, IL-10 and IL-33.…”
Section: The Cellular and Molecular Bases Of Allergy Inflammationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, effector T cell subpopulations, such as T helper type 2 cells, regulatory T cells and follicular helper T cells, are involved in the generation of IgG4 Ab responses [6]. In addition to the demonstration of the role of adaptive immune responses, studies have provided evidence that innate immunity also affects the development of AIP and IgG4-RD [12][13][14][15][16][17]. For example, the enhanced production of the innate immunity cytokines type I interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL)-33 is a prominent feature of experimental AIP and human IgG4-RD [14,[16][17][18][19].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%