Activated‐Carbon‐Supported Gold–Cesium(I) as Highly Effective Catalysts for Hydrochlorination of Acetylene to Vinyl Chloride

Abstract

The synthesis of vinyl chloride from acetylene by hydrochlorination has gained tremendous interest in coal‐based chemistry. Bimetallic gold–cesium(I)/activated carbon (AuCsI/AC) catalysts were found to have a higher catalytic activity and stability for acetylene hydrochlorination when compared with gold catalysts. Over 1 Au4 CsI/AC catalysts, the maximum conversion of acetylene was 94 % and there was only 5 % C2H2 conversion loss after 50 h of running time. Moreover, the 1 Au4 CsI/AC catalyst delivered a stable performance during a 500 h test with the conversion of acetylene and the selectivity of vinyl chloride reaching more than 99.8 and 99.9 %, respectively. Temperature‐programmed reduction of H2, temperature‐programmed desorption of C2H2, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques were further applied to detect structural information on the AuCsI/AC catalysts. Additives of CsCl indeed stabilized the catalytically active Au3+ species and inhibited the reduction of Au3+ to Au0, thereby improving the activity and long‐term stability of gold‐based catalysts.

Facile Preparation of Ammonium Molybdophosphate/Al‐MCM‐41 Composite Material from Natural Clay and Its Use in Cesium Ion Adsorption

“…[25,26] Thus, before the aluminosilicate gel is obtained, QHS activation must be achieved by alkaline fusion. [27] In the fused QHS, one zeolitic phase and NaAlSiO 4 formed, but the quartz phase remained. The removal of quartz impurities relies on a modified liquid-transport, gravity-based, spatial separation technique, which was first introduced by the Holmes group.…”

“…They have been used in fiber optic telecommunication systems, night-vision equipment, anticancer drugs, and metal-ion catalysts. [1][2][3][4] Brine is an important cesium resource. China, especially Qinghai, is very rich in salt lake brine resources.…”

Synthesis of Vinyl Chloride Monomer over Carbon-Supported Tris-(Triphenylphosphine) Ruthenium Dichloride Catalysts

“…In his initial study the activity of metal catalysts is found to be related with the associated metal ions' standard electrode potentials [1] and AuCl 3 has a higher electrode potential. Subsequently, there was a great deal of research on gold catalysts [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, Au-based catalysts do not have their advantages of economic performance because of the high price of Au.…”

Activated Carbon Supported Mo-Ti-N Binary Transition Metal Nitride as Catalyst for Acetylene Hydrochlorination

“…Furthermore, the desorption temperature of Mo 3 Ti 1 N/AC was the lowest at around 440 • C and adsorption was thus weak relative to that of other catalysts. Although TiN/AC had a low quantity of adsorbed acetylene, its desorption temperature was the highest, which suggested that the binding between the ingredient and acetylene was strong [35]. In this reaction, a higher degree of activation usually corresponds to stronger binding and a greater quantity of adsorbed HCl.…”