Activated alveolar macrophages in subclinical pulmonary inflammation in collagen vascular diseases.

Wallaert, B.; Bart, F.; Aerts, C; Ouaissi, Ali; Hatron, P.Y.; Tonnel, A.-B.; Voisin, C

doi:10.1136/thx.43.1.24

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…This ®nding suggests that HCV may have the potential to induce an alveolitis leading to ®brotic changes in the lung over a period of years or decades that could potentially lead to idiopathic pulmonary ®brosis. In contrast to the present ®ndings, slightly increased neutrophil counts but signi®cantly increased macrophage counts have been reported in the bronchoalveolar lavage¯uids assessed in various other pulmonary disorders including infectious pulmonary disorders, systemic collagen vascular disorders, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis [Bonniere et al, 1986;Wallaert et al, 1988;Spiteri et al, 1990]. In the present study, none of the individuals with chronic hepatitis C or the controls had any evidence for any of the following conditions; pneumonia, ARDS, collagen vascular disorders, or mineral dust exposure.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in individuals with chronic hepatitis C

İdilman

Çetinkaya

Savaş

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Virology

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A number of disorders for which an association with hepatitis C virus infection exist. These disorders include essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This study was initiated to investigate the cellular content and lymphocyte subpopulations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from individuals with chronic hepatitis C and to compare the results to those of controls. Eighteen patients with chronic hepatitis C (male/female, 6/12) and 14 healthy volunteers (male/female, 6/8), were studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained from each; and the lymphocyte subtypes and the presence of HCV-RNA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. All anti-HCV positive subjects were HCV-RNA positive in serum. One (5.6%) had a HCV-RNA positive bronchoalveolar lavage. The total cell and neutrophil counts of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly greater in patients with chronic hepatitis C as compared to controls (5,799.6 +/- 957.4 x 10(3)/ml vs. 1,835.7 +/- 447.8 x 10(3)/ml, P = 0.001; 1,175.8 +/- 634.7 x 10(3)/ml vs. 53.1 +/- 28.1 x 10(3)/ml, P = 0.029). In contrast, the lymphocyte, macrophage and eosinophil counts did not differ. No difference in the percentage, median or range of individual T cell subsets or B cell numbers in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid existed between the groups. It is concluded that hepatitis C virus infection may be associated with an occult pulmonary inflammatory reaction manifested by an increased number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. This finding may contribute to the process that leads to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis seen in a minority of cases of chronic hepatitis C.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in individuals with chronic hepatitis C

İdilman

Çetinkaya

Savaş

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Wright et al (1984) investigated the relationship between pulmonary function and pathological findings and suggested that inflammatory reaction is related to abnormalities in small airway function tests. Wallaert et al (1988) suggested the existence of subclinical pulmonary inflammation in MCTD patients. In the present study, frequency dependence of dynamic compliance was found to be the most frequent abnormality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Airway Involvement in Mixed Connective Tissue Disease.

Izumiyama

Hida

Ichinose

et al. 1993

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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We studied pulmonary functions in 17 female patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) to detect early pulmonary involvement in this disease; in 8 of the 17 patients followup studies were also performed at 1.2-to 5.9-year intervals. In the first pulmonary function tests, decreases in vital capacity (VC) and diffusing capacity (DL~o) were observed in 6 (35%) and 8 (47%) patients, respectively. The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to VC was normal in all the patients, but pulmonary resistance and static compliance were abnormal in 6 (35%) and 10 (59%) patients, respectively. However, frequency dependence of dynamic compliance was found in all 16 patients tested. Moreover, 4 (24%) of the 17 patients had normal DL~o and DL~o-to-alveolar volume ratio (DLCO/VA). Reductions in DL~o and DLCo/VA were significantly correlated with the disease duration. These results suggest that small airway obstruction is an early and frequent indication of functional pulmonary impairment, and that impairment of alveolar gas exchange is progressive in patients with MCTD.connective tissue disease; small airways; frequency dependence of dynamic compliance; diffusing capacity

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“…The alveolitis in scleroderma is characterized by an accumulation of activated alveolar macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils (Edelson et al, 1985;Harrison et al, 1989;Konig et al, 1984;Owens et al, 1986;Pesci et al, 1986;Silver et al, 1984;Wallaert et al, 1988;Zhu et al, 2002). In scleroderma, alveolar macrophages have been shown to spontaneously release greater amounts of superoxide anion than normal alveolar macrophages (Wallaert et al, 1988). Collagenase, neutrophil elastase and elastase-like activities have been found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (Konig et al, 1984;Sibille et al, 1990).…”

Section: Sclerodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the accumulation of immune and inflammatory cells within the alveolar structures, precedes lung injury and may be the first step of the fibrotic process for which it may be entirely responsible. The alveolitis in scleroderma is characterized by an accumulation of activated alveolar macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils (Edelson et al, 1985;Harrison et al, 1989;Konig et al, 1984;Owens et al, 1986;Pesci et al, 1986;Silver et al, 1984;Wallaert et al, 1988;Zhu et al, 2002). In scleroderma, alveolar macrophages have been shown to spontaneously release greater amounts of superoxide anion than normal alveolar macrophages (Wallaert et al, 1988).…”

Section: Sclerodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammatory cells can also activate the coagulation system (increased levels of plasminogen activator are present in BAL fluid) (Martinot et al, 1989) and release various mediators leading to the recruitment and accumulation of fibroblasts, and to the formation of connective tissue matrix substances. Alveolar macrophages from scleroderma patients release exaggerated amounts of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-, fibronectin and alveolar macrophage derived growth factor (Bolster et al, 1997;Edelson et al, 1985;Rossi et al, 1985;Wallaert et al, 1988). Cytokines induce the recruitment of inflammatory cells by the induction of chemokines (Rolfe et al, 1991) or by the modulation of cellular adhesion molecule expression by vascular endothelium and leukocytes (Springer, 1990).…”

Section: Sclerodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

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