Action spectrum for photophobia

Stringham, James M.; Fuld, Kenneth; Wenzel, Adam J.

doi:10.1364/josaa.20.001852

Cited by 105 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Photosensitivity is an inherent mechanism to protect the eye from high energy wavelengths [17,18]. Increased sensitivity to shorter wavelengths of light can trigger retinal damage with less energy compared to other wavelengths.…”

Section: Glare Discomfort and Disability Glarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased sensitivity to shorter wavelengths of light can trigger retinal damage with less energy compared to other wavelengths. Photophobic response studies have shown that subjects with higher macular pigment levels tolerated light beter and have less glare [17]. Additionally, small increases in macular pigment were suicient to increase photophobia thresholds and lessen visual discomfort [19].…”

Section: Glare Discomfort and Disability Glarementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

Rai¹,

Rai²

2017

Functional Food - Improve Health Through Adequate Food

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The identiication of bioactive food components and understanding their role as adjunct therapeutic agents in disease management and prevention has become a signiicant area of research. Accumulating evidence suggests a link between certain bioactive food components and health outcomes, for example, lutein and zeaxanthin for visual performance and delaying age-related macular degeneration, probiotics for gastrointestinal outcomes related to irritable bowel syndrome or prebiotics for its potential programming of the microbiome in early life to inluence later life outcomes.. This rapidly developing science has triggered discussions to determine if public health recommendations can be made on bioactive foods. However, regulatory guidance is necessary to guide the development the science, it's consideration for public health policy and the communication thereof to both healthcare professionals and consumers. This chapter will focus on the clinical and basic science supporting a role for lutein and pre-and probiotics in modulating several aspects of human health, including the gut microbiome through the human lifecycle. Opportunities to translate the science to consumers in a meaningful and accurate way will also be highlighted along with the regulatory landscape to shape the testing, communication and commercialization of these bioactives.

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Section: Glare Discomfort and Disability Glarementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glare Discomfort and Disability Glarementioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

Rai¹,

Rai²

2017

Functional Food - Improve Health Through Adequate Food

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…including contrast sensitivity and night driving capabilities (glare recovery) have been studied by many investigators and have been shown to be correlated with elevation of MPOD scores and elevation of lutein and zeaxanthin levels in the macular pigment [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Multifocal ERG has been demonstrated to quantify basic retinal cell function and can be modified by increasing levels of MPOD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report of Dietary Supplements Improving Macular Pigment and Visual Function

Herman¹

2017

AOVS

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Purpose: This case report was designed to investigate the visual, retinal, and macular pigment density (MPOD) changes in a diverse group of subjects being treated in a clinical setting with a supplement designed to increase macular pigment density, with follow-up at 6 month intervals over a 24 month time period Methods: A pre-screening intake history was recorded to allow identification and selection of the patient population to be followed, baseline examination of the central retina, macular pigment optical density (MPOD), visual function testing, and SD-OCT imaging of the macular region were performed, and follow-up visits were performed at 6,12,18, and 24 months.Results. Improvements were recorded in macular pigment density and visual functions, with improvement in macular appearance and changes in metamorphopsia. Conclusion:Adding lutein/zeaxanthin/fish oil/antioxidant macular supplement with zinc, along with advice of sun protection, dietary changes and smoking recommendations improved visual functioning, and exhibited positive retinal changes documented by SD-OCT and fundus photography.

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“…Previous studies of macular pigment (MP) spatial distribution have utilized a number of descriptions including exponential decay functions [1], bimodal exponential functions [2], Gaussian distributions [3] and Lorentzian functions [4]. Four discrete MP distributions have been described by Trieschman et al [5] while Bernstein et al [6] categorized five distinct MP distribution subgroups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel description of macular pigment optical density spatial distribution using cHFP

Putnam¹

2016

New Front Ophthalmol

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Purpose: The aim of this project was to explore a novel description of the spatial distribution of the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) spatial profile using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry (cHFP) and assess the variability within a young, healthy subject sample. Methods:A novel device capable of measuring MPOD across the central 16º of retina along 4 principle radii using cHFP at eccentricities of 0º, 2º, 4º, 6º and 8º was built. MPOD was measured at each retinal locus for a 33 subject sample. Individual and mean values at each retinal locus were fit to both Gaussian and Lorentzian functions. Area under the curve (AUC) and kurtosis values were then calculated for each resulting function. Results:The cHFP identified reliable MPOD spatial distribution maps demonstrating a 1st order exponential decay curve as a function of increasing eccentricity along each radii out to 8º. Significant correlations were found between all four radii at each respective eccentricity possible supporting the use of a single radius in the determination of MPOD spatial distribution. Mean MPOD spatial distribution for the study sample was best-fit by a Lorentzian function. Correlations between MPOD spatial distribution described by kurtosis values and integrated area under the curve across the central 16º of retina were non-significant. Conclusions:MPOD spatial distribution mapping using cHFP across the central 16o is most accurately described by a Lorentzian function supporting previous. A single measurement of MPOD may be insufficient and accurate evaluation of the spatial distribution may be possible using a single meridian. Kurtosis as a description of MPOD spatial distribution is a novel method and may provide an alternate method to predict visual performance measures.

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Action spectrum for photophobia

Cited by 105 publications

References 24 publications

Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

Case Report of Dietary Supplements Improving Macular Pigment and Visual Function

Novel description of macular pigment optical density spatial distribution using cHFP

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