Action Research: Mixed Methods Research

Abstract

In its broadest sense, action research is a methodical attempt used by a wide range of professionals and disciplines in a wide range of educational and social environments. Action research can be employed to uncover problems and their solutions, improve practices, understand the effects of an intervention, bring positive changes, or produce results that benefit one or more individuals in a given context through joint work of all parties involved. Action research has several unique characteristics that set it apart from other forms of research. It is a research process undertaken by, with, and for people who will be collectively influenced by its outcomes, thus, making it a democratic and empowering process. Action researchers typically employ a recursive set of reflective and analytical procedures that involve planning, action, evidence gathering, and data analysis. There are diverse models and practices done collectively or singly, as in self‐studies. While qualitative research designs have traditionally been utilized by action researchers, there is a growing trend toward mixed methods design. Based on their research questions, mixed method action researchers collect and evaluate both qualitative and quantitative data, which are then mixed or merged concurrently or sequentially in a single study or in multiple phases of a study. Although the use of mixed methods design in action research may bring a number of major advantages, some critical considerations should be taken into account while developing, performing, and synthesizing mixed methods action research outcomes.