Action potentials as multifunctional signals in plants: a unifying hypothesis to explain apparently disparate wound responses

Davies, Eric

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1987.tb01844.x

Cited by 170 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Three different hypothesis have been proposed to explain long-distance information transfer: (i) it has been suggested that a mobile chemical signal is the causal agent and candidates such as oligosaccharides [4], abscisic acid [5] and systemin [6] have been proposed; (ii) it has also been shown that one response to external stimuli in higher plants is the elicitation and the spreading of a variation in the transmembrane electrical potential and several authors suggested that these electrical signals could be the 'information' carrier [1,3,7,8]; (iii) it has been demonstrated that hydraulic signals are transmitted from damaged tissue [9,10] and it has been proposed that hydraulic signals could form part of a widespread mechanism for coordination of plant responses [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is membrane potential involved in calmodulin gene expression after external stimulation in plants?

et al. 1996

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In Bidens pilosa (cv. radiata), a non-injurious stimulus induces a local and transient change in membrane potential, and an injurious stimulus induces a transmitted electrical signal described as the combination of an action potential and a slow wave. We have studied calmodulin gene expression after these stimuli. When the stimulus is non-injurious, calmodulin mRNA accumulation is only increased in the stimulated region. In contrast, when the stimulus is injurious, mRNA accumulation takes place in both wounded and distant, unwounded tissue. We propose that the slow wave plays a role in the long-distance transmission of a woundinduced information in plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is membrane potential involved in calmodulin gene expression after external stimulation in plants?

et al. 1996

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“…Moreover, the positive charge outside the cell membrane enhances cellulose synthase activity, which promotes cell wall growth. 55 Increased turgor, in turn, facilitates the exocytosis processes, namely, enlargement of the cell membrane surface and externalization of hemicelluloses. Ca 2+ ion influx at the maximal cell turgor may activate a number of cascades Figure 5.…”

Section: Hypothetical Electrophysiological Model Of Circumnutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circumnutation as a visible plant action and reaction

Stolarz

2009

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Circumnutation is a helical organ movement widespread among plants. It is variable due to a different magnitude of trajectory (amplitude) outlined by the organ tip, duration of one cycle (period), circular, elliptical, pendulum-like or irregular shape and clock-and counterclockwise direction of rotation. Some of those movement parameters are regulated by circadian clock and show daily and infradian rhythms. Circumnutation is influenced by light, temperature, chemicals and can depend on organ morphology. The diversity of this phenomenon is easier to see now that the digital time-lapse video method is developing fast. Whether circumnutation is an endogenous action, a reaction to exogenous stimuli or has a combined character has been discussed for a long time. Similarly, the relationship between growth and circumnutation is still unclear. In the mechanism of circumnutation, epidermal and endodermal cells as well as plasmodesmata, plasma membrane, ions (Ca 2+ , K + and Cl -), ion channels and the proton pump (H + ATPase) are engaged. Based on these data, the hypothetical electrophysiological model of the circumnutation mechanism has been proposed here. In the recent circumnutation studies, gravitropic, auxin, clock and phytochrome mutants are used and new functions of circumnutation in plants' life have been investigated and described.

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“…Since communication between the stigma a n d the ovary is achieved through the propagated changes in membrane potential, the biochemical response might be achieved through the subcellular changes of K+, C1-, and Ca2+ ions. Davies (1987) reported that local changes in ion concentration can lead t o modified activities of enzymes in the cell wall (e.g. pectinase), the plasmalemma (e.g.…”

Section: I Sc U Sslonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biochemical Response of Electrical Signaling in the Reproductive System of Hibiscus Plants

1995

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Stimulation of the stigma of Hibiscus flowers by pollen, wounding (heat), or cold shock (4°C) evokes electrical potential changes in the style, which propagate toward the ovary with a speed of 1.3 to 3.5 cm s-'. Potential changes were measured intracellularly by microelectrodes inserted i n the style. l h e resting potential ranged from -90 to -112 mV (n = 20) in cells of the vascular tissue and from -1 84 to -220 mV (n = 22) in cells of the pollen-transmitting tissue.The amplitude of the potential changes was between 40 and 150 mV, depending on the kind of stimulus. Self-as well as crosspollination hyperpolarized the resting potential after 50 to 100 s, followed by a series of 10 to 15 action potentials. I n contrast, cooling of the stigma caused a single action potential with a different shape and duration, whereas wounding generated a strong depolarization of the membrane potential with an irregular form and a lower transmission rate. To determine the physiological function of the different signals measured i n the style, the gas exchange and metabolite concentrations were measured in the ovary before and 1 O min after stimulation of the stigma. Self-and cross-pollination caused a transient increase of the ovarian respiration rate by 12%, which was measured 3 to 5 min after the stigma was stimulated. Simultaneously, the levels of ATP, ADP, and starch increased significantly. In contrast, both cold shock and wounding of the stigma caused a spontaneous decrease of the CO, content in the measuring chamber, as well as reduced metabolite concentrations in the ovary. Since the transport of labeled auxin from the top to the base of the style lasts at least 45 min, the influence of a chemical substance transmitted within 10 min is unlikely. lhus, our results strongly support the view that different, stimulus-dependent electrical signals cause specific responses of the ovarian metabolism.Since the last century, electrical signaling in plants has been examined, and comprehensive reviews have been published by Pickard (1973) and Sibaoka (1966). An integral part of the generation of action potentials is based on changes in ion flux, including the efflux of chloride and potassium (Oda, 1976;Fromm and Spanswick, 1993) and the influx of calcium (Williamson and Ashley, 1982; Kikuyama and Tazawa, 1983;Beilby, 1984;Beilby and MacRobbie, 1984). In recent years, evidence was given that action potentials may regulate a wide variety of physiological responses in plants, including elongation growth (Shiina and Tazawa, 1986), respiration (Dziubinska et al., 1989), water uptake (Davies et al., 1991), phloem unloading (Fromm, 1991), activation of proteinase inhibitor genes (Wildon et al., 1992), and gas exchange (Fromm and Eschrich, 1993).With regard to pollination, two different kinds of bioelectric potential changes have been observed in the style of flowers. First, Sinyukhin and Britikov (1967) measured an action potential in the style of Lilium martagon and Incarvillea grandiflora a few minutes after placing pollen on the stigma ...

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Action potentials as multifunctional signals in plants: a unifying hypothesis to explain apparently disparate wound responses

Cited by 170 publications

References 97 publications

Is membrane potential involved in calmodulin gene expression after external stimulation in plants?

Is membrane potential involved in calmodulin gene expression after external stimulation in plants?

Circumnutation as a visible plant action and reaction

The Biochemical Response of Electrical Signaling in the Reproductive System of Hibiscus Plants

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