Action of disinfectant solutions on adaptive capacity and virulence factors of the Candida spp. biofilms formed on acrylic resin

Abstract

Action of disinfectant solutions on adaptive capacity and virulence factors of the Candida spp. biofilms formed on acrylic resin Understanding the behavior of Candida spp. when exposed to denture disinfectants is essential to optimize their effectiveness. Changes in the virulence factors may cause increased resistance of Candida spp. to disinfectant agents. Objective: To evaluate the microbial load, cellular metabolism, hydrolytic enzyme production, hyphae formation, live cell and biofilm quantification of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata after exposure to disinfectant solutions. Methodology: Simple biofilms were grown on heat-polymerized acrylic resin specimens, and divided into groups according to solutions/strains: distilled water (control); 0.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl 0.25% ); 10% Ricinus communis (RC 10%); and 0.5% Chloramine T (CT 0.5%). The virulence factors were evaluated using the CFU count (microbial load), XTT method (cell metabolism), epifluorescence microscopy (biofilm removal and live or dead cells adhered), protease and phospholipase production and hyphae formation. Data were analyzed (α=0.05) by one-way ANOVA/ Tukey post hoc test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon test. Results: NaOCl 0.25% was the most effective solution. CT 0.5% reduced the number of CFUs more than RC 10% and the control. RC 10% was effective only against C. glabrata. RC 10% and CT 0.5% decreased the cellular metabolism of C. albicans and C. glabrata. Enzyme productionwas not affected. Hyphal growth in the RC 10% and CT 0.5% groups was similar to that of the control. CT 0.5% was better than RC 10% against C. albicans and C. tropicalis when measuring the total amount of biofilm and number of living cells. For C. glabrata, CT 0.5% was equal to RC 10% in the maintenance of living cells; RC 10% was superior for biofilm removal.Conclusions: The CT 0.5% achieved better results than those of Ricinus communis at 10%, favoring the creation of specific products for dentures.Adjustments in the formulations of RC 10% are necessary due to efficacy against C. glabrata. The NaOCl 0.25% is the most effective and could be suitable for use as a positive control.

Effectiveness of disinfectant solutions associated or not with brushing on the biofilm control of a 3D printed-denture base resin

“…The results from immersion in 0.25% SH on the reduction of CFU/mL of Candida spp have corroborated those from the literature. 11 - 13 , 26 , 42 A 20-minute immersion in 0.25% SH reduced both the cellular metabolism of all evaluated species ( C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata ) and the CFU/mL on PMMA 26 specimens. Immersion of PMMA specimens contaminated with C. albicans biofilm in 1% SH for 10 seconds 15 and 90 seconds 10 reduced metabolism by 99.9% 15 and 88% 10 , whereas that in 1% CD reduced the metabolism by 99.5%.…”

“…This study showed that CD could not eliminate dead cells adhered to the specimens ( Figure 6B , F ), which is a relevant fact, since such cells remain adhered to the denture surface, acting as an adhesion agent for new microorganisms. 26 CD reduces biofilm but SH does it more efficiently. 44 The pH of the biofilm is close to neutral; therefore, higher or lower values alter both metabolism and surface properties of the microorganism, as well as the solid surface, increasing the electrostatic repulsion between the solid surface and the microorganisms and, consequently, the adherence of the microorganism to the surface.…”

“…After applying the protocols, the specimens were transferred to a 24-well plate containing an XTT solution of 2.5 mg/mL (0.5 μL of menadione and 5 mL of XTT) 26 and incubated at 37°C in the dark for 3 h. An aliquot of each well was transferred in duplicate to a 96-well plate Elisa reader at 492 nm. 26 The duplicate mean corresponded to the XTT value of each specimen.…”

Factors influencing retention and durability of attachments for overdentures – adverse effects of cleansings, pH, and temperature: A systematic review

“…Different studies demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of NaOCl against different species of microorganisms such as Candida spp. and Streptococcus mutans through the dissolution of organic substances that accumulate in dental materials due to the ability to release the hydroxyl ion and its high pH [ 11 , 12 , 30 , 31 ]. However, this was the substance that most negatively interfered by significantly reducing retention values for different types and compositions of attachments [ 7 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Effect of Surfosept and Deconex® 53 Disinfectant Agents on the Accuracy and Dimensional Stability of Panasil Dental Impression Materials: An Experimental Study

“…According to the literature, most of the materials used in dental laboratories contain various infectious microorganisms, such as Streptococci [ 7 , 8 ]. Badaró et al estimated the prevalence of Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus , and Candida in the impressions taken from the patients' mouths at 100%, 55.6%, 25%, and 9%, respectively [ 9 ]. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, proper care should be given to reduce possibility of coronavirus cross-contamination.…”