Action of a Detergent (Dodecylbenzenesulphonate) on the Gills of the Trout

Schmid, Otto; Mann, H.

doi:10.1038/192675a0

Cited by 43 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…By contrast, there has been substantial research, including the pioneering work of Schmid & Mann (1961) on the pathological changes caused by anionic detergents, especially in gill tissues (Lemke & Mount 1963, Abel & Skidmore 1975, Mallatt 1985. In the present study, Zephiran was used to examine the effects of a catlonic detergent upon the blood chemistry and tissues (primary gills) of rainbow trout Salmo gairdn eri.…”

Section: Addressee For Correspondence Winthrop Laboratoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Byrne¹,

Ferguson²

1989

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Rainbow trout 23 to 30cm in fork length were exposed to various concentrations (1 to 40ppm) of a cationic, quaternary ammonium compound, Zephiran. Three ppm was used as a reference value, as this level is recommended at the water hardness found in Southern Ontario (Canada). Gills were examined using light microscopy, scanning and transn~ission electron microscopy. Changes were observed in gills from fish exposed to all concentrations of Zephiran, becoming more severe as the concentration and/or number of exposures increased. Gills were severely spongiot~c and necrotic, and there was much lamellar fusion through apposition. Membrane vesiculation, hydropic degeneration, and exfoliation of lamellar and interlamellar epithelium were also present. Blood chemistry was examined following the second exposure of fish to 3 ppm Zephiran. Haematocrit, serum protein and serum albumin concentrations increased significantly, whereas sodium, chloride and magnesium concentrations decreased; phosphorus, calcium and potassium levels did not change significantly. It is suggested that fish became hypoxic as a result of damage to the gills and that this resulted in a respiratory acidosis causing loss of serum water to the hyperosmotic extravascular tissues. Sodium and chloride were probably lost to the surrounding water via diffusion through the damaged lamellar epithelium. The dramatic drop in sodium and chloride concentration corroborates the severity of lesions seen histologically and ultrastructurally following exposure to Zephiran. In conclusion, the use of Zephiran in the treatment of fish bacterial d~seases (e.g. bacterial gill disease) is not recommended in light of the severe changes which follow exposure to therapeutic concentrations.

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Section: Addressee For Correspondence Winthrop Laboratoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Byrne¹,

Ferguson²

1989

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Nowak (1992) did not detect any significant difference in the diameter of the blood spaces surrounded by the pillar cells in fish exposed to the endosulfan organochloride. However, some studies report damages in the pillar cells caused by pollutants (Schimid and Mann, 1961;BettexGalland and Hughes, 1973;Abel, 1976). Such cellular damages are often associated to high doses in which the animals are close to death (Mallatt, 1985).…”

Section: '6and86621mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they are involved in osmorregulation (Gonzales and McDonald, 1992;Flik and Verbost, 1993;Romão et al, 2001;Verbost et al, 1994), acid-base balance (Epstein et al, 1980;Evans et al, 1982;Lin and Randall, 1991;McDonald et al, 1991;Goss et al, 1992), excretion of nitrogenous compounds (Goldstein, 1982;Evans and Cameron, 1986;Sayer and Davenport, 1987), and taste (Hughes, 1982;Rios and Fanta, 1998). Organic Pesticides (Davis and Wedemeyer, 1971;Rao and Rao, 1981;Mallatt, 1985;Evans, 1987;Laurent and Perry, 1991;Nowak, 1992;Wendelaar Bonga and Lock, 1992), detergents (Schimid and Mann, 1961;Abel, 1976;Bolis and Rankin, 1980), acids (Daye and Garside, 1980;McDonald, 1983;Kawall, 1993), salts (Hossler, 1980;Luvizotto, 1994;Fanta et al, 1995), industrial waste (Mitz and Giesy, 1985;Stoker et al, 1985;Lindesjöö and Thulin, 1994), ammonia (Smart, 1976;Arillo et al, 1979;Soderberg et al, 1984) and heavy metals (Skidmore, 1970;Matthiessen and Brafield, 1973;Lock and ...…”

Section: *Loov Duh Ylwdo Vwuxfwxuhv Iru Ilvk Vlqfh Wkh\ Duh Wkh Pdlq mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the organophosphorous methyl parathion on the branchial epithelium of a freshwater fish Metynnis roosevelti

Machado

Fanta

2003

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Gills are vital structures for fish, since they are the main site for gaseous exchange as well as partially responsible for osmorregulation, acid-basic balance, excretion of nitrogenous compounds and taste. Chemicals in the water may alter the morphology of branchial cells of fish that are, therefore, a useful model for environmental impact and ecotoxicology studies. In order to investigate the effects of an organophosphorous compound, methyl parathion, on the gills of the fish, samples of Metynnis roosevelti were exposed to lethal (7ppm) and sublethal (1ppm) doses of Mentox 600 CE. Through light and scanning electron microscopy, shrinking of the branchial epithelium, followed by detachment and hyperplasia were observed. Externally, the branchial filaments presented the gradual disappearance of microridges. Even in sublethal doses, the organophosphorous reduced the health and fitness of these fish, as consequence of secondary effects derived from changes in the branchial epithelium, impairing oxygenation and ionic balance of the organism.
As brânquias são estruturas vitais para peixes, pois são o principal local de trocas gasosas, assim como parcialmente responsáveis pela osmorregulação, pelo equilíbrio ácido-básico, pela excreção de compostos nitrogenados e pela gustação. Compostos químicos na água podem alterar a morfologia das células branquiais de peixes, que se constituem, dessa forma, em um útil modelo para estudos de impacto ambiental. Visando investigar os efeitos de um composto organofosforado, o metil paration, em brânquias de peixes, exemplares de Metynnis roosevelti foram expostos a doses letais (7ppm) e subletais (1ppm) de Mentox 600 CE. Observações em microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura evidenciaram enrugamento do epitélio branquial, seguido por descolamento e hiperplasia. Externamente, os filamentos branquiais apresentaram desaparecimento gradual das microssaliências. Os resultados mostram que, mesmo em doses subletais, o organofosforado poderá levar o animal a sofrer conseqüências secundárias decorrentes das alterações da superfície de trocas gasosas e iônicas

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“…The anionic detergents have been the most widely studied because of their vast use and their role in detergent pollution (Henderson and Cohn, 1959;Schmid and Mann, 1961).…”

Section: Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonatementioning

confidence: 99%

LAS inhibition of diffusion and uptake of tritiated uridine during teleost embryogenesis

Manner

Muehleman

1976

Environ Biol Fish

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Action of a Detergent (Dodecylbenzenesulphonate) on the Gills of the Trout

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Effects of the organophosphorous methyl parathion on the branchial epithelium of a freshwater fish Metynnis roosevelti

LAS inhibition of diffusion and uptake of tritiated uridine during teleost embryogenesis

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