Action observation improves sit-to-walk in patients with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait. Biomechanical analysis of performance

Mezzarobba, Susanna; Grassi, Michele; Pellegrini, Lorella; Catalan, Mauro; Krüger, Björn; Stragapede, Lara; Manganotti, Paolo; Bernardis, P. de

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.09.029

Cited by 10 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Physical rehabilitation is acknowledged to be crucial ( Cosentino et al, 2020 ) and there are a number of approaches that have been applied to FOG in the research setting. These include action observation training ( Pelosin et al, 2010 , 2018 ; Agosta et al, 2017 ; Mezzarobba et al, 2020 ), treadmill training ( Hong and Earhart, 2008 ; Frazzitta et al, 2009 ; Lo et al, 2010 ; Barbe et al, 2013 ; Picelli et al, 2016 ; Baizabal-Carvallo et al, 2020 ; Bekkers et al, 2020 ; Seuthe et al, 2020 ), aquatic obstacle training ( Zhu et al, 2018 ), curved walking training ( Cheng et al, 2017 ), supervised slackline training ( Santos et al, 2017 ), as well as home based exercises ( Canning et al, 2015 ). In contrast, general exercises and standard physiotherapy do not seem to be effective for the treatment of FOG ( Miller et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Non-pharmacological Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease

Cui

Lewis

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and challenging clinical symptom in Parkinson’s disease. In this review, we summarise the recent insights into freezing of gait and highlight the strategies that should be considered to improve future treatment. There is a need to develop individualised and on-demand therapies, through improved detection and wearable technologies. Whilst there already exist a number of pharmacological (e.g., dopaminergic and beyond dopamine), non-pharmacological (physiotherapy and cueing, cognitive training, and non-invasive brain stimulation) and surgical approaches to freezing (i.e., dual-site deep brain stimulation, closed-loop programming), an integrated collaborative approach to future research in this complex area will be necessary to systematically investigate new therapeutic avenues. A review of the literature suggests standardising how gait freezing is measured, enriching patient cohorts for preventative studies, and harnessing the power of existing data, could help lead to more effective treatments for freezing of gait and offer relief to many patients.

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Section: Non-pharmacological Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease

Cui

Lewis

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Two of the included studies also recruited healthy controls in addition to PD patients [ 30 , 38 ]. Lastly, five studies included patients with freezing of gait, with at least one episode per week lasting at least 2 s [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first one [ 30 ], patients watched videos of repetitive finger movements and were only instructed to concentrate on how the actions were performed, while in the second one [ 43 ], they observed walking trials and then were asked to judge if the observed task was performed by a healthy or a parkinsonian model. Three studies asked patients to imitate the observed tasks after the observation phase [ 38 , 39 , 42 ], while in the remaining two studies, after observation of each video, patients were asked to imitate the action of that video, while still being in the observation phase [ 40 , 41 ]. The duration of each session ranged between 45–60 min, while Jaywant et al did not specify the exact duration [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as the motor contents of the stimulus are concerned, the majority of studies used gait-related tasks such as walking, stepping, obstacle avoidance etc. in their videos [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. One study only used intransitive upper limb tasks like repetitive finger movements [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study only used intransitive upper limb tasks like repetitive finger movements [ 30 ]. Three of the included studies, in addition to visual stimuli, implemented auditory cues (metronome), which were associated with the movements [ 38 , 40 , 41 ]. All studies used third-person perspective from frontal [ 38 , 39 , 42 ], frontal-lateral [ 40 , 41 ], and frontal-lateral-posterior [ 43 ] views.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Action Observation Therapy as a Rehabilitation Tool in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Systematic Review

Giannakopoulos

Karanika

Papaxanthis

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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During Action Observation (AO), patients observe human movements that they then try to imitate physically. Until now, few studies have investigated the effectiveness of it in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, due to the diversity of interventions, it is unclear how the dose and characteristics can affect its efficiency. We investigated the AO protocols used in PD, by discussing the intervention features and the outcome measures in relation to their efficacy. A search was conducted through MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, and WoS until November 2021, for RCTs with AO interventions. Participant’s characteristics, treatment features, outcome measures, and main results were extracted from each study. Results were gathered into a quantitative synthesis (MD and 95% CI) for each time point. Seven studies were included in the review, with 227 participants and a mean PEDro score of 6.7. These studies reported positive effects of AO in PD patients, mainly on walking ability and typical motor signs of PD like freezing of gait. However, disagreements among authors exist, mainly due to the heterogeneity of the intervention features. In overall, AO improves functional abilities and motor control in PD patients, with the intervention dose and the characteristics of the stimulus playing a decisive role in its efficacy.

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