Action Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation in Neuronal Cells and the Brain

Salehpour, Farzad; Sadigh-Eteghad, Saeed; Mahmoudi, Javad; Kamari, Farzin; Cassano, Paolo; Hamblin, Michael Richard

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36231-6_4

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…EGCG promotes adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and subventricular zone post-TBI, contributing to cognitive recovery ( Salehpour et al, 2023 ). EGCG treatment confers neurovascular protection and ameliorates neuroinflammation, oxidative damage and neuronal loss induced by TBI.…”

Section: Role Of Phytochemicals In Tbimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catechin is a natural flavan-3-ol found abundantly in green tea, cocoa, and many fruits. Emerging preclinical evidence indicates the therapeutic potential of catechin in ameliorating secondary brain damage after TBI ( Salehpour et al, 2023 ). Studies demonstrate that catechin administration significantly improves neurological function, as evidenced by reduced Neurological Severity Score (NSS) in rodent models of TBI (Y.…”

Section: Role Of Phytochemicals In Tbimentioning

confidence: 99%

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The neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals in traumatic brain injury: mechanistic insights and pharmacological implications

Hasan,

Anwar,

Shamsi

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to brain damage, comprising both immediate primary damage and a subsequent cascade of secondary injury mechanisms. The primary injury results in localized brain damage, while the secondary damage initiates inflammatory responses, followed by the disruption of the blood-brain barrier, infiltration of peripheral blood cells, brain edema, and the release of various immune mediators, including chemotactic factors and interleukins. TBI disrupts molecular signaling, cell structures, and functions. In addition to physical tissue damage, such as axonal injuries, contusions, and haemorrhages, TBI interferes with brain functioning, impacting cognition, decision-making, memory, attention, and speech capabilities. Despite a deep understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, an intensive effort to evaluate the underlying mechanisms with effective therapeutic interventions is imperative to manage the repercussions of TBI. Studies have commenced to explore the potential of employing natural compounds as therapeutic interventions for TBI. These compounds are characterized by their low toxicity and limited interactions with conventional drugs. Moreover, many natural compounds demonstrate the capacity to target various aspects of the secondary injury process. While our understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, there is an urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions to mitigate its consequences. Here, we aimed to summarize the mechanism of action and the role of phytochemicals against TBI progression. This review discusses the therapeutic implications of various phytonutrients and addresses primary and secondary consequences of TBI. In addition, we highlighted the roles of emerging phytochemicals as promising candidates for therapeutic intervention of TBI. The review highlights the neuroprotective roles of phytochemicals against TBI and the mechanistic approach. Furthermore, our efforts focused on the underlying mechanisms, providing a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in TBI therapeutics.

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Section: Role Of Phytochemicals In Tbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Phytochemicals In Tbimentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals in traumatic brain injury: mechanistic insights and pharmacological implications

Hasan,

Anwar,

Shamsi

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Success in TBI treatment is anticipated to stem from innovative approaches, underpinned by multimodal diagnostic techniques [ 6 ]. The mechanisms of photobiomodulation (PBM) directly and indirectly identify with many cellular mechanisms associated with the complex TBI pathophysiology [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery with Photobiomodulation: Cellular Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Potential

Lim

2024

Cells

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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) remains a significant global health challenge, lacking effective pharmacological treatments. This shortcoming is attributed to TBI’s heterogeneous and complex pathophysiology, which includes axonal damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and persistent neuroinflammation. The objective of this study is to analyze transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM), which employs specific red to near-infrared light wavelengths to modulate brain functions, as a promising therapy to address TBI’s complex pathophysiology in a single intervention. This study reviews the feasibility of this therapy, firstly by synthesizing PBM’s cellular mechanisms with each identified TBI’s pathophysiological aspect. The outcomes in human clinical studies are then reviewed. The findings support PBM’s potential for treating TBI, notwithstanding variations in parameters such as wavelength, power density, dose, light source positioning, and pulse frequencies. Emerging data indicate that each of these parameters plays a role in the outcomes. Additionally, new research into PBM’s effects on the electrical properties and polymerization dynamics of neuronal microstructures, like microtubules and tubulins, provides insights for future parameter optimization. In summary, transcranial PBM represents a multifaceted therapeutic intervention for TBI with vast potential which may be fulfilled by optimizing the parameters. Future research should investigate optimizing these parameters, which is possible by incorporating artificial intelligence.

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Action Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation in Neuronal Cells and the Brain

Cited by 2 publications

References 224 publications

The neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals in traumatic brain injury: mechanistic insights and pharmacological implications

The neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals in traumatic brain injury: mechanistic insights and pharmacological implications

Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery with Photobiomodulation: Cellular Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Potential

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