Action, Inaction, and Actionability: Definitions and Implications for Communications and Interventions to Change Behaviors

Cho

2019

Communication & Sport

The purpose of this study was to explore sports fans’ hashtags usage for information sharing over social media on the basis of the theory of interpersonal behavior. We collected data from 323 social media users who have employed hashtags to exchange sports-related information during the past 12 months. The structural equation modeling confirmed affect, perceived usefulness, perceived reciprocity, and social factors as motivators of the intention to share information. Other motivators, including habit and facilitating conditions, function as predictors of actual hashtags posting among sport fans. In deriving empirical evidence and novel insights into the role of hashtags, this research elevated our understanding of information circulation among sport fans over social media and serves as a foundation for inquiries into hashtag adoption in sport domains.

Section: Why Sport Contexts?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Information-Sharing Behaviors Among Sports Fans Using #Hashtags

Cho

2019

Communication & Sport

“…Rather than first pinpointing the strongest determinants of masking or vaccination, fighting misinformation and increasing vaccine confidence became the prime arsenal to fight COVID-19. However, according to the body of evidence from prior epidemics, such as HIV, and a large collection of studies of COVID-19, neither increasing information nor decreasing misinformation should have been the primary objectives ( Albarracin, 2021 ; Albarracin et al, 1998 , 2018 , 2019 ). Indeed, social scientists studying intergroup relations are also calling for a science that focuses on the determinants of behavior rather than solely attitudes or beliefs ( Brauer, 2023 ).…”

Section: Communicating Actions and Communicating For Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Communication and Behavioral Change During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Albarracin,

Oyserman,

Schwarz

2024

Perspect Psychol Sci

The COVID-19 pandemic challenged the public health system to respond to an emerging, difficult-to-understand pathogen through demanding behaviors, including staying at home, masking for long periods, and vaccinating multiple times. We discuss key challenges of the pandemic health communication efforts deployed in the United States from 2020 to 2022 and identify research priorities. One priority is communicating about uncertainty in ways that prepare the public for disagreement and likely changes in recommendations as scientific understanding advances: How can changes in understanding and recommendations foster a sense that “science works as intended” rather than “the experts are clueless” and prevent creating a void to be filled by misinformation? A second priority concerns creating a culturally fluent framework for asking people to engage in difficult and novel actions: How can health messages foster the perception that difficulties of behavior change signal that the change is important rather than that the change “is not for people like me?” A third priority entails a shift from communication strategies that focus on knowledge and attitudes to interventions that focus on norms, policy, communication about policy, and channel factors that impair behavior change: How can we move beyond educating and correcting misinformation to achieving desired actions?

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

“…Critical to our research question, multiple-behavior interventions are one response to syndemics because they target change in two or more risky behaviors either simultaneously or sequentially (Prochaska et al, 2008). By doing so, these interventions can take advantage of the ability of change in one behavior to promote changes in another (Albarracín et al, 2017; Albarracín, Sunderrajan, et al, 2018; Albarracín, Wang, et al, 2018). For example, reducing substance use may lead to reductions in alcohol use, sexual violence, having sex under the influence, and increases in condom use (Pitpitan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Health Disparities and Multiple Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of multiple-behavior HIV interventions as a function of regional disadvantages: An analysis of syndemics.

Chan,

Liu,

White

et al. 2023

Self Cite

Objective: Disadvantaged populations, including inhabitants of developing countries as well as racial/ethnic and sexual minorities in the United States, are disproportionally burdened by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, delayed HIV diagnosis, and unfavorable HIV-treatment outcomes. HIV interventions targeting single behaviors (e.g., testing) in these populations have shown to be efficacious at producing behavioral and clinical change but have been unable to eliminate the social health disparities associated with syndemics (i.e., a set of connected risks, interacting synergistically, and contributing to excess burden of disease in a population). Method: This meta-analysis of 331 reports (clusters; number of effect sizes [k] = 1,364) assessed whether multiple-behavior interventions that target clusters of syndemic risks are more efficacious for those in disadvantaged regions and social groups. Results: Across the board, multiplebehavior interventions were more efficacious than single-behavior ones as well as passive control groups among samples from countries with lower log gross domestic product (GDP), lower Human Development Index (HDI), and lower Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index. Conclusions: Within the United States, the efficacy of multiple-behavior interventions was similar across different levels of representation of racial/ethnic and sexual minorities. The analyses used robust variance estimation with small-sample corrections to assess the differential effects of multiple-behavior interventions and Egger Sandwich test with the multilevel meta-analysis approach to detect selection biases. What is the public health significance of this article?This study examines syndemics in HIV, defined as the synergistic epidemics of substance use, violence, diminished psychological well-being, and HIV among impacted populations, particularly those burdened by socioeconomic disadvantages. The meta-analytic results showed multiple-versus singlebehavior interventions are differentially successful across samples with different levels of disadvantage. Specifically, multiple-behavior interventions, rather than single-behavior interventions, were more efficacious for samples from countries with lower log gross domestic product (GDP), lower Human Development Index (HDI), and lower Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index. Similar but marginal significant results were also found for GDP per capita.