Action in Context and Context in Action: Modelling Complexity in Multimedia Systems Development

Abstract

Whereas multimedia systems development (MSD) is inherently complex, and increasingly so, little is known about how multimedia designers manage or cope with this complexity. In particular, little is known about complexity beyond technical and process levels, and how such complexity impacts design activity. In this paper we construct a model of MSD based on the formulation of the broader concept of context complexity. This concept, which subsumes but also transcends technical and process complexity, is used to explain design strategies and their consequences. We identify four design contexts that explain, and are also explained by, complexity. These contexts map out the ‘landscape for action’ over which design activity takes place. They shape the design environment and the responses taken to it. We use a grounded theory approach to study what designers actually do (as opposed to theorising what they should do). We argue that a better understanding of context determined and context determining strategies better informs interventions aimed at improving MSD design practice. Our main conclusion is that interventions should be directed to those situations where there is a mismatch between the level of complexity in the design context and the level of complexity in the design strategy taken in response to that context. We call these situations ‘breakdown’ contexts and examine their causes and consequences in greater detail. Our claimed contribution is to broaden the concept of design breakdowns through a specific understanding of the role and impact of (context) complexity in MSD.

Developing Theories in Information Systems Research: The Grounded Theory Method Applied

“…Once theories reach a certain level of maturity, they are ready to inform the design of IS artifacts by serving as kernel theories (Hevner 2007;Hevner et al 2004) to design theories (Gregor 2009;Gregor and Jones 2007;Walls et al 1992). Looking at the current body of GTM-based research, Webb and Gallagher (2009) (group 1, type 5) suggest a methodology for multimedia systems development which they ground in a study of development processes in 16 companies.…”

From Interactive to Experimental Multimedia

“…Studies that relate the functionality of interactive multimedia systems to their content complexity have identified multiple areas that need to be addressed during design time in order to achieve a high-quality end-system. These include technical aspects, process engineering, content and context complexity issues (Webb and Gallagher, 2009).…”