Actinomycin D and Messenger-RNA Turnover

Trakatellis, Anthony C.; Axelrod, A. E.; Montjar, M.

doi:10.1038/2031134a0

Cited by 65 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Results obtained were approximately the same for both first and sec- 9 The presence of grassland on deep soils with mature profiles contributes to an appearance of great antiquity. There has been a notion that the black or dark-colored grassland soils (chernozems, for example) of the plains region are residual on a variety of underlying bedrocks, which are continually weathering downward under There is, then, in the plains region a pattern of very large areas of grassland on deep, transported soils, corresponding to gently sloping or flat topography, and relatively small but widely distributed areas of woodland on escarpments or breaks in topography, characterized by steep slopes and thin, residual soils with bedrock at or near the surface.…”

Section: Abstract Rat Virus Selectively Destroys the External Germinmentioning

confidence: 62%

Cerebellar Disease in Cats Induced by Inoculation of Rat Virus

Kilham

Margolis

1965

Science

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Section: Abstract Rat Virus Selectively Destroys the External Germinmentioning

confidence: 62%

Cerebellar Disease in Cats Induced by Inoculation of Rat Virus

Kilham

Margolis

1965

Science

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“…Turnover and degradation of messenger RNA.-In contrast to the short life of approximately 2 to 3 min exhibited by total and enzyme-specific mes senger RNA's in bacterial cells (205)(206)(207)(208), mammalian messenger RNA ap pears to be relatively stable (204,(209)(210)(211)(212)(213). Indeed, the messenger RNA of reticulocytes seems to be stable throughout the entire protein-synthesizing period of the cell (210).…”

Section: Rnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic Acids and Protein Biosynthesis

Moldave¹

1965

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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Much evidence has accumulated in support of the following model (a working hypothesis) for protein synthesis:Individual amino acids are activated in the presence of ATP, magnesium ions, and specific enzymes [aminoacyl soluble RNA (sRNA) synthetases). to form enzyme-bound aminoacyl adenylates and inorganic pyrophosphate. The carboxyl group of the amino acid is linked to the phosphate group of the adenylate moiety by an anhydride bond. The aminoacyl group of the en zyme-bound complex is transferred to amino acid-specific acceptor sRNA's where it is attached by an ester linkage to the ribose portion of the terminal adenosine residue. The amino acid-binding end of sRNA consists of a cytidyl ate-cytidylate-adenylate (CCA) sequence. Aminoacyl sRNA's react with template-bound ribosomes (polyribosomes, ergosomes) , at specific positions determined by the nucleotide sequence of the template (or messenger) RNA. The aminoacyl sRNA's are specifically aligned in relation to the growing peptide chain, the C-terminal end of which is linked to sRNA. Nucleophilic attack by the a-amino group of the incoming aminoacyl sRNA on the car boxyl carbon atom of peptidyl sRNA results in the formation of a new pep tide bond and release of the sRN A that was previously attached to the end of the growing chain. The polypeptide chain, now containing an additional amino acid residue, isHnked through the new amino acid to its corresponding sRNA. Polyribosome-bound aminoacyl sRNA and peptidyl sRNA are there fore intermediates in protein synthesis. The incorporation of the aminoacyl moiety of aminoacyl sRNA into the growing ribosome-bound peptide chain requires GTP, glutathione, and two enzymes. The messenger and the ribo some then move one coding unit over in relation to each other. A new nucleo tide sequence in messenger RNA is thus placed in position to base-pair properly with the next aminoacyl sRNA. As this process is repeated. the polypeptide chain grows from its N-terminal to its C-terminal residue by the sequential addition of aminoacyl sRNA's. The sequence of amino acids is determined by the nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA; the latter is determined by the deoxynucleotide sequence in DNA, which is transcribed in the form of a complementary polyribonucleotide chain, the messenger.

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“…Zur Frage der Ursache des Enzymaktivitätsanstiegs bzw. der Zunahme der Aktivität des Gerinnungsfaktors II wurden Proteinsynthesehemmer (42)(43)(44) eingesetzt. Actinomycin D hemmt in einer Konzentration von l mg/kg Körpergewicht den Anstieg der Tryptophan-Pyrrolase-Aktivität bei Menadiongabe an Vitamin K-Mangeltiere.…”

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Der Einfluß von Vitamin K auf Gerinnungsfaktoren und Enzyme mit kurzer Halbwertszeit in der Rattenleber

Vogeler¹,

Reinauer²,

Hollmann³

1972

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Ratten w,urden durch tägliche Injektionen von Marcumar in einen Vitamin K-Mangelzustand gebracht. In Normal-und Mangeltieren wurde die Aktivität der Gerinnungsfaktoren II und V sowie die Aktivität der Enzyme Tryptophan-Pyrrolase (EC 1.13. The influence of vitamin K on clotting factors and enzymes with short half lives in rat liverRats were made vitamin K deficient by daily injections of marcumar. The activities of clotting factors II and V and the activities of the enzymes tryptophan pyrrolase, serine dehydratase and aldolase were measured in normal and deficient animals. In K-deficient animals, the clotting factors and the enzymes, except aldolase, showed a significant decrease compared to control animals. After the injection of menadione into the K-deficient animals, the activities of tryptophan pyrrolase and prothrombin rose above those of the controls. This increase was inhibited by actinomycin D or cycloheximide. These results indicate that vitamin K has a non-specific action on the synthesis of enzymes with short half lives. In addition to its role in energy metabolism, vitamin K appears to influence non-specifically the ribosomal protein synthesis. The clinical importance of these findings is discussed.

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Actinomycin D and Messenger-RNA Turnover

Cited by 65 publications

References 12 publications

Cerebellar Disease in Cats Induced by Inoculation of Rat Virus

Cerebellar Disease in Cats Induced by Inoculation of Rat Virus

Nucleic Acids and Protein Biosynthesis

Der Einfluß von Vitamin K auf Gerinnungsfaktoren und Enzyme mit kurzer Halbwertszeit in der Rattenleber

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