Actinide Partitioning—a Review

Mathur, J. N.; Murali, M. S.; Nash, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1081/sei-100103276

Cited by 510 publications

(333 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…3 However, it is first necessary to separate the actinides from the bulk of the lanthanides and other fission and corrosion products that are also present in the acidic PUREX waste streams because the lanthanides have high neutron capture cross-sections. 4 The separation of the radioactive minor actinides from the lanthanides is therefore one of the principal current challenges in nuclear waste reprocessing. This separation is made all the more difficult, given the chemical similarities between the two groups of elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Separation of Actinides from Lanthanides by a Phenanthroline-Derived Bis-triazine Ligand

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The synthesis, lanthanide complexation and solvent extraction of actinide(III) and lanthanide(III) radiotracers from nitric acid solutions by a phenanthroline-derived quadridentate bis-2 triazine ligand is described. The ligand separates Am(III) and Cm(III) from the lanthanides with remarkably high efficiency, high selectivity and fast extraction kinetics compared to its 2,2'-bipyridine counterpart. Structures of the 1:2 bis complexes of the ligand with Eu(III) and Yb(III) were elucidated by X-ray crystallography and force field calculations, respectively. The Eu(III) bis-complex is the first 1:2 bis-complex of a quadridentate bis-triazine ligand to be characterized by crystallography. The faster rates of extraction were verified by kinetics measurements using the rotating membrane cell technique in several diluents. The improved kinetics of metal ion extraction are related to the higher surface activity of the ligand at the phase interface. The improvement in the ligands properties on replacing the bipyridine unit with a phenanthroline unit far exceeds what was anticipated based on ligand design alone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Separation of Actinides from Lanthanides by a Phenanthroline-Derived Bis-triazine Ligand

et al. 2011

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“…Several multi-cycle partition processes have been developed in order to treat high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW), [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Generally speaking, after the partition process, alkali borosilicate glasses are the matrix of choice for the immobilization of the HLLW, since they permit vitrification of waste stream of variable composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Molybdenum Ion in Nitric Acid Solution by Using a Pb-Fe Based Adsorbent

Dodbiba

Lee

et al. 2010

Int.J.Soc.Mater.Eng.Resour.

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Experimental Synthesis of the Pb-Fe based AdsorbentsEach Pb-Fe based adsorbents was precipitated (at 25℃) by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mixture of 1 mol/L lead nitrate Pb(NO 3 ) 2 and 1 mol/L ferric nitrate (Fe(NO 3 ) 3 . 9 H 2 O) aqueous solutions, until pH of the mixture was adjusted to a desired value. The suspensions were then filtered and the precipitates were dried at 70℃ for over 72 hrs. Finally, each precipitate was ground by using an agate mortar with pestle to obtain a fine powder, which has been used as an adsorbent. In same cases, prior to the adsorption experiment, the prepared powder was also calcinated at a temperature between 100 and 800℃.The synthesized adsorbents were characterized by means of a thermogravimetric analyzer (TG/DTA: Shimadzu DTG-50), a X-ray diffractometer (XRD: Mac Science, MO3XHF), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM: Keyence, VE-8800). -mail: dodbiba@geosys.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp In order to remove molybdenum (Mo) from the high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW), Pb-Fe based adsorbents were synthesized and their adsorption capacities were investigated. The adsorbent precursors were prepared with precipitation at various pH values by adding sodium hydroxide into a mixture of 1 mol/L lead nitrate and 1 mol/L ferric nitrate aqueous solutions, and each precipitate was then filtered, dried and ground to obtain a fine powder precursor. The precursors were also calcinated at various temperatures to obtain the Pb-Fe based adsorbents. Adsorption of Molybdenum Ion in Nitric AcidETwo main parameters were considered when synthesizing the adsorbents, i.e. the pH value of precipitation of adsorbent precursor as well as the calcination temperature of the Pb-Fe based adsorbent. The experimental results indicated that the calcination temperature has a great influence on adsorption capacity of the Pb-Fe based adsorbent for Mo. It was found that when the precursor was precipitated at pH 9 and then calcinated at 500℃, the sorbed amount of Mo by the adsorbent was the highest. In addition, the equilibrium sorption isotherm of Mo onto the adsorbent was estimated by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson sorption models. We found that the overall adsorption process was described well by Redlich-Peterson sorption isotherm equation.

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“…[25,26] Significant effort has been dedicated towards the development of efficient uranyl cation extraction agents for both analytical and industrial applications, but these studies typically address low pH conditions typical of industrial metal separations technologies. [27,28] However, the rational development of biological decorporation agents necessarily requires studying the efficacy of uranyl chelation at in vivo pH ranges which are higher than those of industrial/remediation applications. Examples of biologically relevant investigations include that of Czerwinski and co-workers that addresses uranyl speciation with the naturally-occuring siderophore desferrioxamine (DFO) [29] as well as those by Durbin and co-workers that examine the in vivo decorporating ability of polybidentate catecholamides and their structural analogs towards the uranyl and transuranic cations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Linker Geometry in Bis(3‐hydroxy‐N‐methyl‐pyridin‐2‐one) Ligands on Solution Phase Uranyl Affinity

Szigethy

Raymond

2011

Chemistry A European J

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Seven water‐soluble, tetradentate bis(3‐hydroxy‐N‐methyl‐pyridin‐2‐one) (bis‐Me‐3,2‐HOPO) ligands were synthesized that vary only in linker geometry and rigidity. Solution‐phase thermodynamic measurements were conducted between pH 1.6 and pH 9.0 to determine the effects of these variations on proton and uranyl cation affinity. Proton affinity decreases by introduction of the solubilizing triethylene glycol group as compared to unsubstituted reference ligands. Uranyl affinity was found to follow no discernable trends with incremental geometric modification. The butyl‐linked 4 li‐Me‐3,2‐HOPO ligand exhibited the highest uranyl affinity, consistent with prior in vivo decorporation results. Of the rigidly‐linked ligands, the o‐phenylene linker imparted the best uranyl affinity to the bis‐Me‐3,2‐HOPO ligand platform.

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Actinide Partitioning—a Review

Cited by 510 publications

References 85 publications

Highly Efficient Separation of Actinides from Lanthanides by a Phenanthroline-Derived Bis-triazine Ligand

Highly Efficient Separation of Actinides from Lanthanides by a Phenanthroline-Derived Bis-triazine Ligand

Adsorption of Molybdenum Ion in Nitric Acid Solution by Using a Pb-Fe Based Adsorbent

The Influence of Linker Geometry in Bis(3‐hydroxy‐N‐methyl‐pyridin‐2‐one) Ligands on Solution Phase Uranyl Affinity

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