Actinic keratosis: an occupational and environmental disorder

Abstract

Solar ultraviolet light electromagnetic waves are a known environmental carcinogenic agent closely associated with the development of skin cancer in light-complexioned individuals. Outdoor workers have higher annual exposure to ultraviolet light. We will review the topic of actinic keratoses among these individuals as this common rudimentary form of superficial cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is explored in greater detail.

Evaluation of varying concentrations of nano-oxides as ultraviolet protective agents when incorporated in maxillofacial silicones: An in vitro study

“…Therefore, in addition to providing resistance to environmental stress cracking and aging, they also improve the physical and optical properties of the organic polymer. 6,7,10 The energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band is known as the band gap. Nanosized zinc oxides have a band gap of around 3.37 eV, corresponding to a wavelength of 376 nm, which helps them to absorb effectively the light that matches or exceeds this band gap energy.…”

“…Based on these physical principles, UV shielding is the result of nanoparticle absorption and scattering. [9][10][11] The band gap value is 3.0 eV for the rutile type and 3.2 eV for the anatase type of Ti oxides. The wavelength of the light required for photoexcitation is 1240 (Planck's constant, h) / 3.2 eV (band gap energy) ¼ 388 nm.…”

Dermatoscopy of non-melanocytic skin tumors

“…Facial AK is a differential diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma (lentigo maligna) since pigmented facial AK may have a broken-up pseudonetwork. [28][29][30][31][32] Pseudonetwork can be observed in dermatoscopic examination of certain benign pigmented facial lesions such as AK, ephelide, and junctional nevus. Zaluadek et al observed four essential dermatoscopic features in facial AK and defined the combination of these features as "strawberry" pattern [ Table 3 and Figure 6].…”

Topical treatment of actinic keratoses with low‐dose 5‐fluorouracil in combination with salicylic acid – pilot study

“…Peaks are seen at 405, 505, 540, 580 and 635 nm. Often a light source (LED) with a narrow band at 634 nm is employed [2, 14]. By means of activation oxygen radicals are produced and the altered cells are destroyed.…”

“…AK are viewed as an carcinoma in situ variant of squamous cell carcinoma [1]. Today various therapy forms are available to treat actinic keratoses, among others, physical ablation via curettage, cryotherapy, chemotherapeutic topical therapies, immunomodulators and photodynamic therapy (PDT) [2, 3]. We report on a proof of concept study on topical therapy of actinic keratoses with low‐dose 5‐fluorouracil and sali‐cylic acid.…”