ACTH: Cellular Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Secretory Pathways

Stevens, Adam; White, Anne

doi:10.1007/400_2009_30

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…3C). From our previous work, 3 we have shown that miR-25 is expressed in AtT-20 cells. As a control, we assessed the effects of CRF and DEX on miR-25 along with miR-375 expression level to determine whether CRF specifically influences miR-375 expression.…”

Section: Mir-375 Mediates Crf Signaling Pathway Influencing Pomc Exprmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…ACTH and ␤-lipotropin are primarily produced in the intermediate and anterior lobes of the pituitary gland (1) and ␣-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (␣-MSH) and ␤-endorphin are mainly produced in the intermediate lobe (2,3). These peptides affect metabolic (4), immune (5), and inflammatory responses (6).…”

Section: Pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc) Is a Common Precursor Of Melanocmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MicroRNA 375 Mediates the Signaling Pathway of Corticotropin-releasing Factor (CRF) Regulating Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) Expression by Targeting Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 8

Zhang

Lin

Chen

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: MicroRNA 375 (miR-375) is expressed in the pituitary gland, but its functions and the related mechanisms have not been studied. Results: miR-375 mediates the signaling pathway of CRF regulating POMC expression by targeting MAP3K8. Conclusion: miR-375 negatively regulates POMC expression and related hormone secretion. Significance: These new data suggest that miRNAs play important roles in regulating pituitary hormone secretion.

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Section: Mir-375 Mediates Crf Signaling Pathway Influencing Pomc Exprmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc) Is a Common Precursor Of Melanocmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA 375 Mediates the Signaling Pathway of Corticotropin-releasing Factor (CRF) Regulating Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) Expression by Targeting Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 8

Zhang

Lin

Chen

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…ACTH expression and secretion in the pituitary are under the direct control of CRH released from the hypothalamus (45). Given that we see decreased ACTH expression and release from the pituitary, we also wanted to evaluate if there was a decrease in hypothalamic CRH expression and secretion after BDL.…”

Section: Hpa Axis Is Suppressed In Experimental Models Of Cholestasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of the HPA axis during extrahepatic biliary obstruction induces cholangiocyte proliferation in the rat

Quinn¹,

Ueno

Pae

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Cholestatic patients often present with clinical features suggestive of adrenal insufficiency. In the bile duct-ligated (BDL) model of cholestasis, the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis is suppressed. The consequences of this suppression on cholangiocyte proliferation are unknown. We evaluated 1) HPA axis activity in various rat models of cholestasis and 2) effects of HPA axis modulation on cholangiocyte proliferation. Expression of regulatory molecules of the HPA axis was determined after BDL, partial BDL, and ␣-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) intoxication. The HPA axis was suppressed by inhibition of hypothalamic corticotropinreleasing hormone (CRH) expression by central administration of CRH-specific Vivo-morpholinos or by adrenalectomy. After BDL, the HPA axis was reactivated by 1) central administration of CRH, 2) systemic ACTH treatment, or 3) treatment with cortisol or corticosterone for 7 days postsurgery. There was decreased expression of 1) hypothalamic CRH, 2) pituitary ACTH, and 3) key glucocorticoid synthesis enzymes in the adrenal glands. Serum corticosterone and cortisol remained low after BDL (but not partial BDL) compared with sham surgery and after 2 wk of ANIT feeding. Experimental suppression of the HPA axis increased cholangiocyte proliferation, shown by increased cytokeratin-19-and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cholangiocytes. Conversely, restoration of HPA axis activity inhibited BDL-induced cholangiocyte proliferation. Suppression of the HPA axis is an early event following BDL and induces cholangiocyte proliferation. Knowledge of the role of the HPA axis during cholestasis may lead to development of innovative treatment paradigms for chronic liver disease.corticotropin-releasing hormone; glucocorticoids; biliary epithelium; adrenocorticotropic hormone CHOLANGIOCYTES ARE EPITHELIAL cells that line the intra-and extrahepatic bile ducts. They are constitutively mitotically dormant but possess marked proliferative capacity (2), which is apparent during experimental conditions, such as cholestasis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) or ␣-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) intoxication (1), as well as in human cholangiopathies (2). In humans, cholangiocyte proliferation occurs in extrahepatic biliary obstruction, in the course of chronic cholestatic liver diseases (e.g., primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, liver allograft rejection, and graft-vs.-host disease) (2), and in many forms of liver injury (e.g., in response to alcohol, toxin, or drugs) (2, 43).The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis describes a complex set of positive-and negative-feedback influences between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal gland (25). These feedforward and feedback mechanisms work in a neuroendocrine manner to modulate a number of physiological processes, such as immunity (32), digestion (30), and the body's response to stress (30). In addition, the HPA axis has been shown to have an influence on human psychology (7, 53).The mechanism by which the HPA axis rem...

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“…Pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is an important component of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is essential for body homeostasis and survival during stress (Stevens and White, 2010;Fuchsl et al, 2013;Uchoa et al, 2014). It is influenced by various stimuli such as cortical release hormone (CRH), and to a lesser extent, by arginine vasopressin (AVP).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of ATP-sensitive K+ channel subunits in rat pituitary gland

Zhou

Suzuki

Ishizawa

et al. 2016

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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ACTH: Cellular Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Secretory Pathways

Cited by 24 publications

References 106 publications

MicroRNA 375 Mediates the Signaling Pathway of Corticotropin-releasing Factor (CRF) Regulating Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) Expression by Targeting Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 8

MicroRNA 375 Mediates the Signaling Pathway of Corticotropin-releasing Factor (CRF) Regulating Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) Expression by Targeting Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 8

Suppression of the HPA axis during extrahepatic biliary obstruction induces cholangiocyte proliferation in the rat

<b>Localization of ATP-sensitive K</b><sup><b>+</b></sup><b> channel subunits in rat pituitary </b><b>gland </b>

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