AcsA–AcsB: The core of the cellulose synthase complex from Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC23769

McManus, J. Barry; Deng, Ying; Nagachar, Nivedita; Kao, Teh Hui

doi:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.08.015

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Unlike bacterial synthase proteins BcsA and BcsB, which are encoded on distinct genes, AcsA and AcsB of G . hansenii are fused into one larger polypeptide that is proteolytically processed to generate the separate proteins of the AcsAB complex [ 33 ]. The endogenous promoter of the acs operon was used to drive the expression of the normally fused acsAB gene but with insertion of an N-terminal dodeca-histidine tag.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure of the Cellulose Synthase Complex of Gluconacetobacter hansenii at 23.4 Å Resolution

Vepachedu

Cho

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Bacterial crystalline cellulose is used in biomedical and industrial applications, but the molecular mechanisms of synthesis are unclear. Unlike most bacteria, which make non-crystalline cellulose, Gluconacetobacter hansenii extrudes profuse amounts of crystalline cellulose. Its cellulose synthase (AcsA) exists as a complex with accessory protein AcsB, forming a 'terminal complex' (TC) that has been visualized by freeze-fracture TEM at the base of ribbons of crystalline cellulose. The catalytic AcsAB complex is embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane. The C-terminal portion of AcsC is predicted to form a translocation channel in the outer membrane, with the rest of AcsC possibly interacting with AcsD in the periplasm. It is thus believed that synthesis from an organized array of TCs coordinated with extrusion by AcsC and AcsD enable this bacterium to make crystalline cellulose. The only structural data that exist for this system are the above mentioned freeze-fracture TEM images, fluorescence microscopy images revealing that TCs align in a row, a crystal structure of AcsD bound to cellopentaose, and a crystal structure of PilZ domain of AcsA. Here we advance our understanding of the structural basis for crystalline cellulose production by bacterial cellulose synthase by determining a negative stain structure resolved to 23.4 Å for highly purified AcsAB complex that catalyzed incorporation of UDP-glucose into β-1,4-glucan chains, and responded to the presence of allosteric activator cyclic diguanylate. Although the AcsAB complex was functional in vitro, the synthesized cellulose was not visible in TEM. The negative stain structure revealed that AcsAB is very similar to that of the BcsAB synthase of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, a non-crystalline cellulose producing bacterium. The results indicate that the crystalline cellulose producing and non-crystalline cellulose producing bacteria share conserved catalytic and membrane translocation components, and support the hypothesis that it is the extrusion mechanism and order in linearly arrayed TCs that enables production of crystalline cellulose.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PilZ domain binds the cellulose synthesis allosteric activator cyclic diguanylate [ 27 – 31 ]. AcsB was identified via product entrapment as a 93 kDa polypeptide that co-purified with AcsA [ 25 , 32 , 33 ]. AcsB is a periplasmic protein and by homology to BcsB of R .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the Cellulose Synthase Complex of Gluconacetobacter hansenii at 23.4 Å Resolution

Vepachedu

Cho

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…27 This process also needs another core enzyme, i.e., BcsB, to accelerate the BC synthesis by combining to c-di-GMP. 27,58,59 Aer that, the newly synthesized BC is crystallized with the aid of BcsD and then extruded by BcsC ( Fig. 8B and C).…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics Of Cellulose Produced By Komagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical characterization of high-quality bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter sp. strain W1 and identification of the associated genes in bacterial cellulose production

Wang

Han

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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“…The catalytic AcsAB complex is embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane. AcsA transfer glucose to the growing glucan chain [36][37][38][39][40][41]. The C-terminal portion of AcsC is predicted to form a translocation channel in the outer membrane, with the rest of AcsC possibly interacting with AcsD in the periplasm.…”

Section: Microbial Cellulose Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Properties and Medical Advances for Biocellulose Applications: A Review

Mohammedi¹

2017

AJPST

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Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from microbial sources, became simply available for a broad range of applications, especially for medicine and pharmaceutical industries. One of these EPS bacterial cellulose known as biocellulose (BC). BC is a pure extracellular cellulose, which accumulate outside the cells, produced by several species of microorganisms, like Gluconacetobacter; Achromobacter; Sarcina and Agrobacterium with a great number of applications. It is an organic unbranched polysaccharide, type β-1,4-glucan, composed of glucopyranose residues. Biocellulose is used as artificial skin and occlusive dressings to treat chronic wounds and to heal burns, in microsurgeries as artificial blood vessels, scaffolds in tissue engineering and many other applications. This work represents a review on this remarkably microbial biomaterial and thus an update of a collection of scientific data from original research between 1979 and 2016. The paper started on structural, composition, properties and characterization and biogenesis of this biopolymer, then it gives a synthesis on a variety of biomedical applications.

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AcsA–AcsB: The core of the cellulose synthase complex from Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC23769

Cited by 24 publications

References 41 publications

Structure of the Cellulose Synthase Complex of Gluconacetobacter hansenii at 23.4 Å Resolution

Structure of the Cellulose Synthase Complex of Gluconacetobacter hansenii at 23.4 Å Resolution

Physicochemical characterization of high-quality bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter sp. strain W1 and identification of the associated genes in bacterial cellulose production

Structure, Properties and Medical Advances for Biocellulose Applications: A Review

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