Acrylic Precursors for Carbon Fibers

Gupta, A. K.; Paliwal, D. K.; Bajaj, P.

doi:10.1080/15321799108021557

Cited by 79 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Molecular alignment has been well documented to impact the elastic modulus of the resulting PAN fibers [8,19,20]. Here, this is further supported.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Properties of PAN Fibers Solution Spun into a Chilled Coagulation Bath at High Solvent Compositions

Morris

Weisenberger

Rice

2015

Fibers

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Abstract:In this work, multifilament, continuous polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber tow was solution spun mimicking industrial processing at the small pilot scale (0.5 k tow), while carefully altering the composition of the coagulation bath, in order to determine the effect on the resulting fiber shape, density, orientation, and tensile properties at varying points in the spinning process. Novel here are the abnormally high coagulation bath solvent compositions investigated, which surpass those often reported in the literature. In addition, the coagulation bath was maintained at a slightly chilled temperature, contrary to reported methods to produce round fibers. Further, by altering the composition of the bath in a step-wise fashion during a single spinning run, variations in all other process parameters were minimized. We found that with increasing solvent composition in the coagulation bath, the fibers not only became round in cross section, but also became smaller in diameter, which persisted down the spin line. With this decrease in diameter, all else equal, came an accompanying increase in apparent fiber density via a reduction in microvoid content. In addition, molecular orientation and tensile properties also increased. Therefore, it was found that inadequate understanding of the coagulation bath effects, and spinning at low coagulation bath solvent compositions, can hinder the ability of the fiber to reach optimum properties.

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“…Molecular alignment has been well documented to impact the elastic modulus of the resulting PAN fibers [8,19,20]. Here, this is further supported.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Properties of PAN Fibers Solution Spun into a Chilled Coagulation Bath at High Solvent Compositions

Morris

Weisenberger

Rice

2015

Fibers

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“…1 which shows the presence of carbon fibres embedded within a carbon matrix. The manufacture of carbon fibres has been reported extensively in the past [5,6]; carbon fibres can be made from different precursors including pitch, rayon and polyacrilonitrile (PAN). In the case of C-C brakes, PAN fibres are needled together in three directions to form a cloth which then undergoes carbonization in an inert atmosphere.…”

Section: C-c Composite Brake Manufacturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infrared absorption bands located around 1100 cm -1 were attributed to the presence of a potassium phenoxide (C 6 H 5 KO) complex; the possible presence of the compound C 6 (OK) 6 was also theorized to justify the presence of similar absorption bands. Further bands located between 1300 and 1600 cm -1 were attributed to a bi-carbonate species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the catalytic oxidation of carbon–carbon composite aircraft brakes

Bevilacqua

Babutskyi

Chrysanthou

2015

Carbon

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The use of de-icing chemicals at airport runways has been shown to produce oxides and carbonates of sodium, potassium and calcium which catalyse the oxidation of carbon-carbon composite aircraft brakes leading to an increase of the oxidation rate by an order of magnitude. This review reports on studies that have characterised the catalytic oxidation and discusses the mechanism of the catalytic reaction based on investigations that were carried out with both C-C composites and carbon as a fossil fuel. The alkali metal oxides/carbonates are more active catalysts and in their case, the redox reaction between the monoxides and the peroxides has been identified as the most likely catalysis mechanism. In order to reduce or eliminate the problem of catalysis, doping with boron or phosphorus compounds has been investigated by a number of researchers. The effect of these along with the use of protective coatings is also reviewed.3

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“…PAN-based carbon fibers are, in general, manufactured in the presence of tension and continuous process inert atmosphere at an industrial level. General-purpose carbon fibers, referred to as high-strength and intermediate modulus grades depending on the heat-treatment temperature, are proprietarily produced under high temperatures between 1300 o C and 1600 o C in an inert atmosphere [12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of additional heat-treatment temperature on chemical, microstructural, mechanical, and electrical properties of commercial PAN-based carbon fibers

Cho

Yoon²,

Cho³

et al. 2011

Carbon letters

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In this present work, the effect of additional heat-treatment (AHT) in the range from 1800 o C to 2400 o C on the chemical composition, morphology, microstructure, tensile properties, electrical resistivity, and thermal stability of commercial polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers was explored by means of elemental analysis, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, single fiber tensile testing, two-probe electrical resistivity testing, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The characterization results were in agreement with each other. The results clearly demonstrated that AHTs up to 2400 o C played a significant role in further contributing not only to the enhancement of carbon content, fiber morphology, and tensile modulus, but also to the reduction of fiber diameter, inter-graphene layer distance, and electrical resistivity of "as-received" carbon fibers without AHT. The present study suggests that key properties of commercial PAN-based carbon fibers of an intermediate grade can be further improved by proprietarily adding heat-treatment without applying tension in a batch process.

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Acrylic Precursors for Carbon Fibers

Cited by 79 publications

References 5 publications

Properties of PAN Fibers Solution Spun into a Chilled Coagulation Bath at High Solvent Compositions

Properties of PAN Fibers Solution Spun into a Chilled Coagulation Bath at High Solvent Compositions

A review of the catalytic oxidation of carbon–carbon composite aircraft brakes

Effect of additional heat-treatment temperature on chemical, microstructural, mechanical, and electrical properties of commercial PAN-based carbon fibers

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