Across-Shelf Transport on a Continental Shelf: Do Across-Shelf Winds Matter?

Tilburg, Charles E.

doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<2675:atoacs>2.0.co;2

Cited by 85 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The Ekman transport fraction (slope of 366 Equation 4) ranges from 16% during NE2 to 58% during NE4 (Table 1). Cross-shelf circulation in the inner-shelf during cross-shelf winds is 370 characterized by a downwind transport in the upper part of the boundary layer [Tilburg, 2003;Lentz and Fewings, 2012]. The downwind transport is 372…”

Section: Water Transport During Selected Events 326mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, numerical experiments by Tilburg [2003] suggested that the cross-470 shelf transport driven by cross-shelf winds decreased for stratification conditions. Also an observational study by Dzwonkowski et al, [2011] found 472 that as stratification increases, the cross-shelf winds become less important in comparison to low stratification conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Modeling [Tilburg, 2003;Horwitz and Lentz, 2014] and 44 observational [Lentz, 2001;Fewings et al, 2008;Dzwonkowski et al, 2011;Horwitz and Lentz, 2014] studies have shown that cross-shelf wind stress can 46 result in cross-shelf flow in areas where the surface and bottom boundary layers overlap (i.e., inner-shelf). In most cases, the cross-shelf wind term of the 48 momentum balance equation is smaller than the Coriolis term [Lentz and Fewings, 2012] and is relatively unimportant over the mid-and outer-shelf 50 [Fewings et al, 2008].…”

Section: Introduction 42mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shelf response to intense offshore wind

2015

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Cross and along‐shelf winds drive cross‐shelf transport that promotes the exchange of tracers and nutrients to the open sea. The shelf response to cross‐shelf winds is studied in the north shelf of the Ebro Delta (Mediterranean Sea), where those winds are prevalent and intense. Offshore winds in the region exhibit strong intensities (wind stress larger than 0.8 Pa) during winter and fall. The monthly average flow observed in a 1 year current meter record at 43.5 m was polarized following the isobaths with the along‐shelf variability being larger than the cross‐shelf. Prevalent southwestward along‐shelf flow was induced by the three‐dimensional regional response to cross‐shelf winds and the coastal constraint. Seaward near‐surface velocities occurred predominantly during offshore wind events. During intense wind periods, the surface cross‐shelf water transport exceeded the net along‐shelf transport. During typically stratified seasons, the intense cross‐shelf winds resulted in a well‐defined two‐layer flow and were more effective at driving offshore transport than during unstratified conditions. While transfer coefficients between wind and currents were generally around 1%, higher cross‐shelf transfer coefficients were observed in the near‐inertial band. The regional extent of the resulting surface cold water during energetic cross‐shelf winds events was concentrated around the region of the wind jet. Cross‐shelf transport due to along‐shelf winds was only effective during northeast wind events. During along‐shelf wind conditions, the transport was estimated to be between 10 and 50% of the theoretical Ekman transport.

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Section: Water Transport During Selected Events 326mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introduction 42mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shelf response to intense offshore wind

2015

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“…Previous modelling studies by [18] explored the wind-induced near-shore circulation on subinertial timescales of up to 10 days, which per se includes rotational effects due to the Coriolis …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To minimize numerical diffusion, advection is computed using a total variance diminishing The principal conclusion of this work is that onshore winds are an important agent of internal wave generation and vertical stirring in near-shore waters of lakes and continental shelves. For clarity it should be noted that the overall structure of the overturning circulation driven by onshore wind has been simulated with a hydrostatic numerical model before [18], but not the nonhydrostatic instability and mixing processes that follow from this. It should also be noted that there is ample previous work on the creation and modification of internal waves over variable bathymetry (e.g., [19][20][21][22][23]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind-Driven Overturning, Mixing and Upwelling in Shallow Water: A Nonhydrostatic Modeling Study

Kämpf

2017

JMSE

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Abstract:Using a nonhydrostatic numerical model, this work demonstrates that onshore winds are a principal agent of overturning and vigorous vertical mixing in nearshore water of lakes and inner continental shelves. On short (superinertial) timescales of a few hours, onshore winds create surface currents pushing water against the shore which, via the associated pressure gradient force, creates an undercurrent. The resulting overturning circulation rapidly becomes dynamically unstable due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability mechanism, internal gravity waves form, and vigorous vertical mixing follows. The vertical extent of the overturning cell depends on the speed of surface currents and density stratification (which is influenced by other processes such as tidal mixing). In smaller enclosed water bodies, wave reflection in conjunction with dynamical instabilities support rapid mixed-layer deepening and overturning of the entire water column. Based on these findings, the author postulates that dynamic instabilities following from onshore wind events are of fundamental importance to biogeochemical cycles and ecological processes in shelf seas and lakes.

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Semilunar postlarval settlement periodicity ensuing from semilunar larval release cycle in the Nihonotrypaea harmandi (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axiidea, Callianassidae) population on an intertidal sandflat in an open marine coastal embayment

et al. 2020

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Many decapod crustaceans in marine intertidal habitats release larvae toward coastal oceans, from which postlarvae (decapodids: settling‐stage larvae) return home. Decapodid settlement processes are poorly understood. Previous studies showed that in Kyushu, Japan, the callianassid shrimp population on an intertidal sandflat of an open bay joining the coastal ocean near a large estuary released eight batches of larvae basically in a semilunar cycle from June through October and that decapodids performed diel vertical migration, occurring in the water column nocturnally. We conducted (a) frequent sampling for population density and size‐composition on the sandflat through one reproductive season, (b) planktonic and benthic sampling for decapodids around the bay mouth, and (c) current meter deployment at three points across the bay mouth for tidal harmonic analysis. On the sandflat, six batches of newly‐settled decapodids (settlers) occurred in a semilunar periodicity until October, with peaks occurring 0–3 days before syzygy dates except for the first one. For larval Batches 1–4, buoyancy‐driven shoreward subsurface currents during July to mid‐October would transport some pre‐decapodid‐stage larvae (zoeae) toward the bay. The absence of expected settler Batches 7–8 would be due to the converse subsurface currents caused by water‐column mixing and seasonal winds after mid‐October, carrying zoeae offshore. Once in the bay, phasing of night and nighttime‐averaged shoreward tidal current explained the settlement pattern for Batches 1–4. For Batches 5–6 occurring in mid‐September to mid‐October, water currents generated by seasonal wind and tidal forcings may have caused peak settlement after the time expected from tidally‐driven decapodid transport.

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Across-Shelf Transport on a Continental Shelf: Do Across-Shelf Winds Matter?

Cited by 85 publications

References 18 publications

Shelf response to intense offshore wind

Shelf response to intense offshore wind

Wind-Driven Overturning, Mixing and Upwelling in Shallow Water: A Nonhydrostatic Modeling Study

Semilunar postlarval settlement periodicity ensuing from semilunar larval release cycle in the Nihonotrypaea harmandi (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axiidea, Callianassidae) population on an intertidal sandflat in an open marine coastal embayment

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