Acromioclavicular Septic Arthritis and Sternoclavicular Septic Arthritis with Contiguous Pyomyositis

Abstract

Acromioclavicular (AC) and sternoclavicular (SC) septic arthritis with contiguous pyomyositis are rare, especially in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of septic AC joint with pyomyositis of the deltoid and supraspinatus muscles and a separate case with septic SC joint with pyomysitis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Both patients had similar presentations of infections with Staphylococcus aureus and were successfully treated with surgical incision and drainage followed by prolonged antibiotic therapy.

Septic arthritis of the acromioclavicular joint: a case series and review of the literature

“…In the current literature, over 75% (20 of 26) of cases have been in patients with an immunocompromised state or high-risk behavior. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] This is comparable to our study in which all three patients were either immunocompromised or engaged in high-risk behavior ( Table 2). The average age of the patients is 49.7 years (range: 17-79).…”

“…This disease is most commonly seen in patients with a preexisting immunocompromised state; however, it has also been reported in patients without any predisposing comorbidities. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] With an increasing number of patients with compromised immune systems from etiologies such as diabetes, drug abuse, cancer, and chemotherapy, this disease process may become more prevalent in the future. We present a case series of three patients along with a review of the literature and propose an algorithm for diagnosing and treating septic arthritis of the AC joint.…”

Subscapularis pyomyositis presenting as shoulder stiffness mistaken as frozen shoulder in young female: a case report

“…Primary pyomyositis is a rare, subacute, primary, and deep muscle infection thought to result from transient bacteremia, rather than a contagious skin, bone or soft-tissue infection. The quadriceps, gluteal, and iliopsoas muscles are the most commonly affected areas, whereas involvement of the muscles of the shoulder or upper arm region is seen in <10% of pyomyositis cases [3] . In many patients, pyomyositis manifests as a localized abscess or diffuse inflammation around the lesion, which may lead to mechanical irritation.…”

“…While several conditions commonly lead to shoulder stiffness, pyomyositis is a rare cause. The estimated incidence of pyomyositis is 0.5 cases per 100,000 person-years, and only 8% of these patients present at the hospital with shoulder discomfort [3] . The diagnosis may also be missed in young patients without specific risk factors such as diabetes or an immunocompromised status [4] .…”

Acromioclavicular Septic Arthritis Caused by Veillonella parvula

“…They showed a total number of 30 cases. After 2014 and until today, two additional cases were reported in the literature [4, 5]. In most of the cases, the patient presented comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, immune deficiencies, and intravenous drug abuse.…”