Acquisition, Processing and Analysis of the Surface Electromyogram

Gerdle, Björn; Karlsson, Stig; Day, Scott J.; Djupsjöbacka, Mats

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-58552-4_26

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…CSA Cross-sectional area Vùllestad (1997)] will be associated with low RMSer levels. The positive correlation between PTer and RMSer of the four muscles investigated contradicts earlier studies that have reported that RMS increases during sustained fatiguing submaximal static contractions (for brief reviews see Duchene and Goubel 1993;Gerdle et al 1999). The increase in RMS during submaximal contractions can be due both to changes in recruitment and ®ring rate.…”

Section: Multivariate Relationshipscontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…The increase in RMS during submaximal contractions can be due both to changes in recruitment and ®ring rate. No consistent picture exists for the behaviour of RMS during maximal repetitive isokinetic contractions (for a brief review see Gerdle et al 1999). The PTer (and RMSer) correlated negatively with the proportion of type IIB ®bres and positively with the proportion of type IIA ®bres at the endurance level which can be explained by the relatively high oxidative capacity of type IIA ®bres and the high glycolytic capacity of type IIB ®bres.…”

Section: Multivariate Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fibre type proportion and fibre size in trapezius muscle biopsies from cleaners with and without myalgia and its correlation with ragged red fibres, cytochrome- c -oxidase-negative fibres, biomechanical output, perception of fatigue, and surface electromyography during repetitive forward flexions

Larsson

Björk

Elert

et al. 2001

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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In the literature enlarged/increased crosssectional area (CSA) of type I muscle ®bres has been reported as a morphological mark of work-related localised myalgia in the descending part of the trapezius muscle of women. These studies did not use enough subjects or lacked an adequate control group. The recording of surface electromyograms (EMG) is central to the research ®eld of work-related myalgia. However, the in¯uence of intrinsic muscle properties ± such as the eect of muscle ®bre distribution upon surface EMG ± has to be better understood in order properly to evaluate this method as a possible diagnostic and preventive tool. This study had two aims. Firstly, it investigated the muscle ®bre distribution and CSA in work-related myalgia in trapezius muscles. Secondly, the multivariate relationships among muscle morphology and histochemistry [ragged-red (RR) ®bres, and cytochromec-oxidase-negative-®bre changes] EMG, perceived fatigue, and biomechanical output of shoulder¯exions were analysed. The raw data have been presented in an earlier study. The participants in this study were 25 female cleaners with work-related myalgia of the trapezius muscle and 25 female cleaners not experiencing workrelated myalgia of this muscle. The control group comprised 21 healthy female teachers who had not been exposed to highly repetitive work or static muscle work. Smaller CSA of type II ®bres were found in cleaners compared to teachers. In this study the CSA of type I ®bres of the trapezius muscles associated with myalgia were no greater than in muscles without myalgia. The prevalence of RR ®bres together with age, ®bre type proportions, CSA and working as a cleaner correlated with the ability to relax as recorded electromyographically. The relative mean frequency of the EMG of the trapezius muscle correlated with the prevalence of RR ®bres, but it did not correlate with the proportions and CSA of dierent ®bre types. Low biomechanical outputs and low signal amplitude increases of the EMG during the test were associated with high proportions of type -IIB ®bres. The smaller CSA of type II ®bres in cleaners might have re¯ected a dierent muscle activation pattern due to dierent occupational demands in cleaners than in teachers. Morphological or histopathological variables can in¯uence the three EMG variables investigated.

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Section: Multivariate Relationshipscontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Multivariate Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fibre type proportion and fibre size in trapezius muscle biopsies from cleaners with and without myalgia and its correlation with ragged red fibres, cytochrome- c -oxidase-negative fibres, biomechanical output, perception of fatigue, and surface electromyography during repetitive forward flexions

Larsson

Björk

Elert

et al. 2001

European Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because of the wide placement of the electrodes, it is likely that much of the measured muscular activity came from the rest of the quadriceps group, and so it is not possible to tell how much of the increase was specific to the rectus femoris (20) . However, the rectus femoris acts synergistically with the rest of the quadriceps group (21) , and so the contribution of multiple muscles is unlikely to have a substantial effect on the functional significance of that finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Patterns of Pressure Application on Resting Electromyography During Massage

Roberts¹

2011

IJTMB

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Background:To increase the understanding of the physiological mechanisms by which massage therapy produces health benefits such as pain relief and anxiety reduction, the relationship between specific elements of massage and physiological outcomes must be addressed.Purpose: The effects on resting muscular activity of applying varying levels of pressure during massage were investigated.Methods: In this clinical crossover study, conducted in a simulated clinical setting, human subjects (n = 25; mean age: 34.1 years) received 3 different levels of massage pressure to the legs. A licensed therapist applied pressure to the rectus femoris in a distal-to-proximal direction. Each volunteer received the 3 levels of pressure in 2 different orders-increasing (IP) and decreasing pressures (DP)-separated by at least 4 weeks. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activity levels at baseline and after each pressure level.Results: During the trials of IP, EMG did not vary significantly [Greenhouse-Geisser corrected analysis of variance F(1.71 df) = 0.30, p = 0.71]. During the trials of DP, EMG varied significantly [Greenhouse-Geisser corrected analysis of variance F(1.58 df) = 4.49, p = 0.03], with the largest variation, an increase of 235%, noted between baseline activity and activity after deep pressure. After application of light pressure, activity returned to baseline levels. Interestingly, the overall levels of force required to achieve subjective pressure levels as reported by the client were higher in the DP protocol than in the IP protocol (p < 0.02).Conclusions: These results suggest that the physiological response of the muscle depends on the pattern of applied pressure during massage. That finding is consistent with a mechanism by which light-or moderate-pressure massage (or a combination) may reduce the gain of spinal nociceptive reflexes. As those reflexes are elevated in chronic pain syndromes, pressure variation provides a possible mechanism for the relief of chronic pain by massage therapy.

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“…Electromyography is the study of muscle function via its electrical properties (i.e., the electrical signal emanating from the muscle during muscle activation) (Basmajian and De Luca, 1985;De Luca, 1979;Gerdle et al, 1999;Bronzino, 1995). As detailed by Basmajian and De Luca (1985), electromyography has a long and interesting history.…”

Section: Background and Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-vocabulary speech recognition using surface electromyography

Betts¹,

Binsted²,

Jorgensen³

2006

Interacting with Computers

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We present results of electromyographic (EMG) speech recognition on a small vocabulary of 15 English words. EMG speech recognition holds promise for mitigating the effects of high acoustic noise on speech intelligibility in communication systems, including those used by first responders (a focus of this work). We collected 150 examples per word of single-channel EMG data from a male subject, speaking normally while wearing a firefighter's self-contained breathing apparatus. The signal processing consisted of an activity detector, a feature extractor, and a neural network classifier. Testing produced an overall average correct classification rate on the 15 words of 74% with a 95% confidence interval of (71%, 77%). Once trained, the subject used a classifier as part of a real-time system to communicate to a cellular phone and to control a robotic device. These tasks were performed under an ambient noise level of approximately 95 decibels. We also describe ongoing work on phoneme-level EMG speech recognition. Crown

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Acquisition, Processing and Analysis of the Surface Electromyogram

Cited by 65 publications

References 132 publications

Fibre type proportion and fibre size in trapezius muscle biopsies from cleaners with and without myalgia and its correlation with ragged red fibres, cytochrome- c -oxidase-negative fibres, biomechanical output, perception of fatigue, and surface electromyography during repetitive forward flexions

Fibre type proportion and fibre size in trapezius muscle biopsies from cleaners with and without myalgia and its correlation with ragged red fibres, cytochrome- c -oxidase-negative fibres, biomechanical output, perception of fatigue, and surface electromyography during repetitive forward flexions

Effects of Patterns of Pressure Application on Resting Electromyography During Massage

Small-vocabulary speech recognition using surface electromyography

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