Acquisition of desiccation tolerance by isolated maize embryos exposed to different conditions: the questionable role of endogenous abscisic acid

Bochicchio, Adriana; Vernieri, Paolo; Puliga, Serenella; Balducci, F.; Vazzana, Concetta

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1994.910410.x

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Esses resultados sugerem que sementes de C. arabica L., colhidas no estádio verde não toleram a dessecação e que, entre o estádio verde e verde cana, adquirem certa tolerância à dessecação, tornando-se mais tolerante no estádio cereja. Diversos autores (Bochicchio et al, 1993(Bochicchio et al, , 1994(Bochicchio et al, , 1996Brenac et al, 1997) verificaram que embriões frescos de sementes de milho germinam mesmo em estádios precoces de desenvolvimento, quando eles ainda são intolerantes à dessecação, e que em estádios tardios do desenvolvimento, quando já adquiriram tolerância à dessecação, a secagem induz a um desvio do desenvolvimento inicial para a germinação. De uma maneira geral, pode ser observado que sementes colhidas nos estádios verde cana e cereja apresentaram melhor condição fisiológica que aquelas colhidas no estádio verde, ao passo que os testes de emissão de raízes secundári-as e emergência em câmara de crescimento detectaram ser a semente colhida no estádio cereja significativamente mais tolerante à dessecação que as colhidas no estádio verde cana, seguidas das colhidas no estádio verde (Figura 3).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeitos do condicionamento osmótico na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Adesmia latifolia (Spreng.) Vog.

Suñé¹,

Franke²,

Sampaio³

2002

Rev. bras. sementes

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RESUMO -A aquisição da tolerância à dessecação pode ocorrer durante o desenvolvimento das sementes de diversas espécies. Entretanto, para sementes de cafeeiro, os resultados apresentados pela literatura ainda não são conclusivos. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida com os objetivos de verificar em que estádio de desenvolvimento sementes de Coffea arabica adquirem tolerância à dessecação e o efeito imediato e ao longo do armazenamento e da secagem na viabilidade e no vigor destas sementes. Foram utilizadas sementes de cafeeiro da cultivar Acaiá Cerrado colhidas nos estádios verde (chumbão), verde cana e cereja. Uma amostra das sementes não foi submetida à secagem (controle) e outra foi secada em estufa de circulação forçada, regulada à temperatura constante de 30ºC, até atingir grau de umidade de 15%. Posteriormente, as sementes foram acondicionadas em recipientes de vidro de 200 mL hermeticamente fechados e mantidos em câmara à temperatura de 10 o C e 50% UR. As avaliações foram efetuadas aos zero, 3, 6 e 9 meses de armazenamento, sendo avaliado o grau de umidade, a qualidade fisiológica, por meio dos testes de germinação, protrusão radicular, percentagem de raízes secundárias, emergência em câmara de crescimento e índice de velocidade de emergência. De acordo com os resultados, sementes de cafeeiro apresentam elevação do nível de tolerância à dessecação à medida em que se desenvolvem. Sementes secadas a 15% de umidade mantêm a qualidade fisiológica ao longo de nove meses de armazenamento sob condições de 10 o C e 50% de UR e embalagem hermética, enquanto as não secadas (50% de umidade) apresentam queda linear ao longo do armazenamento.Termos para indexação: café, semente, tolerância à dessecação, maturação, secagem, armazenamento. DESICCATION TOLERANCE IN COFFEE SEEDS (Coffea arabica L.)ABSTRACT -Desiccation tolerance acquisition is a phenomenon which may occur during the development of seeds of several species, but it has been little investigated for coffee seeds. The present research was carried out to ascertain at which stage of coffee seed development tolerance to desiccation is acquired. Seeds of Coffea arabica cultivar Acaiá Cerrado harvested at three maturation stages, green, yellow and reddish were used. Part of the seeds was dried in forced air, under constant temperature of 30ºC until the seed moisture content reached 15%. Then the seeds were stored in hermetic containers in a cool chamber at 10ºC and 50% relative humidity. The evaluation was made after zero, 3, 6 and 9 months of storage, looking at moisture content, physiological conditions through the germination test, radical protrusion, percentage of secondary roots, emergence in growth room, emergence speed index. According to the results it was possible to conclude that coffee seeds present an increased desiccation tolerance as they reach later development stages. Seeds harvested at the green and yellow stages presented a decline in the production of secondary roots and percentage of seedling emergence. Drying seeds to 15% moisture content prov...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeitos do condicionamento osmótico na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Adesmia latifolia (Spreng.) Vog.

Suñé¹,

Franke²,

Sampaio³

2002

Rev. bras. sementes

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“…Isolated, immature embryos were dried to less than 5% water content (on a dry weight basis) by rapid or slow drying as described previously (Bochicchio et al, 1994b). Rapid drying occurred over 2 d, and slow drying over 6 d. Flash drying was performed by placing the excised embryos in a glove box that was continuously purged with dry air (RH Ͻ 3%) at ambient temperature for at least 24 h; embryos were dry within a few hours.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Drying Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is striking that during normal development in the kernel, maize embryos initiate the transcription of a Lea protein RNA just at 22 DAP (Mao et al, 1995), which coincides with the moment that the embryos improve their survival of rapid drying (Bochicchio et al, 1994b). Specific secondary structures (␣-helical) for some of these proteins have been predicted (Dure et al, 1989;Dure, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In maize (Zea mays L.), excised, immature embryos acquire the ability to germinate at 14 DAP (Bochicchio et al, 1988). The rate of drying further determines how early in development isolated embryos acquire desiccation tolerance (Bochicchio et al, 1994b). Slow drying over a 6-d period renders them desiccation tolerant from 18 DAP onward, whereas rapid dehydration over a 2-d period is tolerated only from 22 DAP onward.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy Detects Changes in Protein Secondary Structure Associated with Desiccation Tolerance in Developing Maize Embryos1

Wolkers

Bochicchio²,

Selvaggi³

et al. 1998

Plant Physiology

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Isolated immature maize (Zea mays L.) embryos have been shown to acquire tolerance to rapid drying between 22 and 25 d after pollination (DAP) and to slow drying from 18 DAP onward. To investigate adaptations in protein profile in association with the acquisition of desiccation tolerance in isolated, immature maize embryos, we applied in situ Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. In fresh, viable, 20-and 25-DAP embryo axes, the shapes of the different amide-I bands were identical, and this was maintained after flash drying. On rapid drying, the 20-DAP axes had a reduced relative proportion of ␣-helical protein structure and lost viability. Rapidly dried 25-DAP embryos germinated (74%) and had a protein profile similar to the fresh control axes. On slow drying, the ␣-helical contribution in both the 20-and 25-DAP embryo axes increased compared with that in the fresh control axes, and survival of desiccation was high. The protein profile in dry, mature axes resembled that after slow drying of the immature axes. Rapid drying resulted in an almost complete loss of membrane integrity in the 20-DAP embryo axes and much less so in the 25-DAP axes. After slow drying, low plasma membrane permeability ensued in both the 20-and 25-DAP axes. We conclude that slow drying of excised, immature embryos leads to an increased proportion of ␣-helical protein structures in their axes, which coincides with additional tolerance of desiccation stress.

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“…Extensive efforts have been devoted to understanding the genetics and physiology of the cold germination (CG) and desiccation tolerance (DT) traits (Burris, 2000;Hoegemeyer and Gutormsen, 2000). Changes in various compositional (oligosaccharides, lipids, hormones, enzymes, free radicals, and metabolic intermediates) and organellar/suborganellar properties (mitochondria, oil and protein bodies, starch grains, membrane integrity, and structure of chromatin and proteins) in the seed and germinating seedlings of maize have been reported to be associated with CG (Yacoob and Filion, 1986;Janowiak and Markowski, 1987;Stewart et al, 1990aStewart et al, , 1990bSchell et al, 1991;Prasad, 1996Prasad, , 1997Santis et al, 1999) and DT (Leprince et al, 1993(Leprince et al, , 1994(Leprince et al, , 1995Bochicchio et al, 1994aBochicchio et al, , 1994bOishi and Bewley, 1990;Chen and Burris, 1991;Brenac et al, 1997;Obendorf, 1997;Perdomo and Burris, 1998;Wolkers et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression Profiling of Reciprocal Maize Hybrids Divergent for Cold Germination and Desiccation Tolerance

et al. 2002

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Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from B73 ϫ M017 were screened for cold germination (CG) and desiccation tolerance (DT) phenotypes. Reciprocal F 1 hybrids were made between divergent RILs, and hybrids that showed differential phenotypes (parent-of-origin effect) for CG or DT were selected for profiling mRNA and protein expression. mRNA and proteins were extracted from embryo axes of seed germinated for 11 d at 12.5°C in the dark and developing embryos at 40% seed moisture (R5 stage) for CG and DT, respectively. GeneCalling analysis, an open-ended mRNA profiling method, identified 336 of 32,496 and 656 of 32,940 cDNA fragments that showed Ն1.5-fold change in expression between the reciprocal F 1 hybrids for CG and DT, respectively. Protein expression map (PEM) analysis, an open-ended two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, identified 117 of 2,641 and 205 of 1,876 detected proteins to be differentially expressed with Ն1.5-fold change between the reciprocal F 1 hybrids in CG and DT samples, respectively. A subset of these proteins was identified by tandem mass spectrometry followed by database query of the spectra. The differentially expressed genes/ proteins were classified into various functional groups including carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, ion transporters, stress and defense response, polyamine metabolism, chaperonins, cytoskeleton associated, etc. Phenotypic analysis of seed from self-pollinated ears of the reciprocal F 1 hybrids displayed small differences compared with the reciprocal hybrids themselves, suggesting a negligible effect of cytoplasmic factors on CG and DT traits. The results provide leads to improving our understanding of the genes involved in stress response during seed maturation and germination.

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Acquisition of desiccation tolerance by isolated maize embryos exposed to different conditions: the questionable role of endogenous abscisic acid

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Efeitos do condicionamento osmótico na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Adesmia latifolia (Spreng.) Vog.

Efeitos do condicionamento osmótico na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Adesmia latifolia (Spreng.) Vog.

Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy Detects Changes in Protein Secondary Structure Associated with Desiccation Tolerance in Developing Maize Embryos1

Expression Profiling of Reciprocal Maize Hybrids Divergent for Cold Germination and Desiccation Tolerance

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