Acquisition and Utilization of Carbon, Mineral Nutrients, and Water by the Kiwifruit Vine

Buwalda, J. G.; Smith, G. S.

doi:10.1002/9781118060858.ch7

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…It is likely that stomatal closure was the primary cause of reduced photosynthesis. It has been stated that kiwifruit has poor stomatal control (Buwalda and Smith, 1990;Judd et al, 1989), but this does not seem to apply here. Our results support the finding of Chartzoulakis et al (1997) and Gucci et al (1993) for A. deliciosa, as significant stomatal closure occurred (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Physiological Responses of Gold Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) to Reduced Irrigation

Mills¹,

Li²,

Behboudian³

2009

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Information on water relations and water stress physiology of Actinidia chinensis Planch. is scant. We aimed at providing such information by exposing potted 1-year-old plants to reduced irrigation in a glasshouse. The treatments were control (C) receiving sufficient water to replace 100% of evapotranspiration, early (E) reduced irrigation for 13 days earlier in the experiment, late (L) reduced irrigation for 13 days later in the experiment, and recovery (R) undergoing E and L with 5 days of full irrigation in between to recover from E. All plants were fully watered between early and late episodes of reduced irrigation. Soil volumetric water content was lower in E, L, and R compared with C, leading to lower leaf water potential, photosynthetic rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (gs). Pn was lower in the reduced irrigation vines only when gs was below 0.1 mol·m−2·s−1. High leaf temperature in the glasshouse imposed nonstomatal limitations to photosynthesis as indicated by elevated internal leaf CO2 concentrations (Ci). Following rewatering, the stressed vines showed rapid recovery of leaf water potential and photosynthesis. However, Ci and gs were slower to respond. There was an indication of osmotic adjustment in leaves under reduced irrigation. Discrimination against 13CO2 was the same among the treatments. A. chinensis had better stomatal control under water stress compared with Actinidia deliciosa, for which some information is available. Water stress history in A. chinensis encouraged more drought resistance in the subsequent water stress period, but this was not sustained. Although field performance of A. chinensis under water stress is expected to be better than what we have presented here, long periods of deficit irrigation for this species cannot be recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Irrigation is often necessary due to unreliable rainfall, soils with poor water holding capacity, and root growth limitations. Kiwifruit is native to the mountains of southern China and has evolved in a high humidity area with regular annual rainfall of 1050 to 1950 mm (Buwalda and Smith, 1990). These authors found that green kiwifruit (A. deliciosa var.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Gold Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) to Reduced Irrigation

Mills¹,

Li²,

Behboudian³

2009

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…Table I indicates that the effect of experimental factors and their interaction were not significant on the LAI. Buwalda and Smith [30] showed that mean leaf area of oneyear-old flowering and substitute shoots of kiwifruit were 131 and 197 cm, respectively. Therefore, the competition between developing leaves and fruits for the uptake of nutrients results in the loss of leaf area on one-year-old flowering shoots [30].…”

Section: Leaf Area Index (Lai)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on different grafting methods of kiwifruit ‘Hayward’ on the ‘Matua’ and ‘Bruno’ rootstocks

Sedaghathoor¹,

Noie²

2016

Fruits

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-Introduction. Grafting onto kiwifruit seedlings is a common method for propagation. Grafting success rate depends on both the rootstock and grafting type. Materials and methods. The present study examines the effect of three grafting types on two locally prevailing rootstocks of the kiwifruit 'Hayward' in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor was the graft type at three levels (cleft, tongue and side grafting) and the second factor was rootstock at two levels ('Matua' and 'Bruno') with three replications. The measured traits included graft union percentage, scion growth, leaf area index, specific leaf area, leaf weight ratio, graft union height, number of suckers and allometric coefficient. Results and discussion. It was found that the highest graft union percentage (100%) was obtained under treatment cleft grafting × 'Bruno' rootstock and tongue grafting × 'Matua' rootstock, whereas the lowest graft union (66.7%) was observed in 'Matua' rootstock grafted by cleft method. Scion growth in tongue graft combination was better than other treatments. The treatment of side grafting × 'Bruno' rootstock had the highest scion growth and the treatment of cleft grafting × 'Matua' rootstock had the lowest growth. The highest number of suckers was observed under tongue grafting × 'Bruno' rootstock and the lowest number was obtained in the treatment of cleft grafting × 'Matua' rootstock. Conclusion. Cleft grafting for 'Bruno' rootstock and tongue grafting for 'Matua' rootstock with 100% success were the best and acceptable treatments. Keywords:Iran / kiwi / Actinidia deliciosa / grafting compatibility / rootstock Résumé -Étude de différentes méthodes de greffage du kiwi 'Hayward' sur les porte-greffes 'Matua' et 'Bruno'. Introduction. Le greffage est une méthode commune pour la propagation des plants de kiwi. Son taux de réussite dépend à la fois du porte-greffe et du type de greffage. Matériel et méthodes. La présente étude examine l'effet du greffage de la variété de kiwis 'Hayward' selon trois types de greffage sur deux porte-greffes locaux usuels dans une expérience factorielle à deux facteurs en blocs randomisés. Le premier facteur est le type de greffage à trois niveaux (en écusson, à languette ou de côté), et le deuxième facteur est le porte-greffe à deux niveaux ('Matua' ou »Bruno »), avec trois répétitions. Les caractères observés comprennent le succès du point de greffe, la croissance du scion, l'indice de surface foliaire, la surface foliaire spécifique, le rapport de poids de feuilles, la hauteur du point de greffe, le nombre de rejets et le coefficient allométrique. Résultats et discussion. Le meilleur succès du point de greffe (100 %) a été obtenu par greffage en fente sur 'Bruno' et le greffage à languette sur 'Matua', alors que le plus bas taux de réussite (66,7 %) a été observé sur 'Matua' en greffage en fente. La croissance du scion combinée au greffage à languette s'est montrée la meilleure de tous les traitements. Le greffage de côté...

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“…Treatment-induced differences in fruit yield may have accounted for the differences in leaf nutrient concentrations recorded at the end of the growing season (Buwalda and Smith, 1990). High crop loads on Treated vines appeared to reduce leaf concentrations of the less mobile elements Fe, Mn and Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Iron chelate applications improve productivity and fruit quality at harvest and during cold storage of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis (‘Hort16A’) kiwifruit growing in high-pH calcareous soils

Thorp¹,

Barnett²,

Civolani³

et al. 2021

Europ.J.Hortic.Sci.

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Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) are known to be sensisoils with low organic matter. Symptoms most com-sis in spring and sometimes fruit chlorosis at harvest. A. chinensis var. chinensis which appears to be especially sensiduring summer and autumn, in addition to the curduring spring and early summer. Both spring and fruit chlorosis was observed, especially in fruit har-late applied in late summer and autumn increased the chlorophyll concentration of leaves in the following spring but not in summer and increased the concentrations of carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments to promote earlier de-greening compared with that of control fruit. Average fruit size, dry matter, solusimilar in fruit on control and treated vines, but these results were confounded by treatment-induced difcold storage, or the incidence of fruit chlorosis. While -tainable. The development of kiwifruit rootstocks tolerant of high pH soils remains the best and most sustainable solution for growers. Keywords yield, Italy What is already known on this subject? • Several fruit crops, including kiwifruit, develop leaf alkaline and/or calcareous soils is limited. Severe leaf • chlorosis on reduced vine productivity, fruit quality A. chinensis var. chinensis.What is the expected impact on horticulture? • Since most of the global production of kiwifruit is now in regions with alkaline and/or calcareous soils, it is important that growers are aware of the real cost of chilling damage during cold storage.

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Acquisition and Utilization of Carbon, Mineral Nutrients, and Water by the Kiwifruit Vine

Cited by 17 publications

References 74 publications

Physiological Responses of Gold Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) to Reduced Irrigation

Physiological Responses of Gold Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) to Reduced Irrigation

Study on different grafting methods of kiwifruit ‘Hayward’ on the ‘Matua’ and ‘Bruno’ rootstocks

Iron chelate applications improve productivity and fruit quality at harvest and during cold storage of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis (‘Hort16A’) kiwifruit growing in high-pH calcareous soils

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