Acquisition and redevelopment of bus depots: A Hong Kong land policy and planning case study

Lai, Lwc; Chau, K.W.; Ching, Ken S.T.; Kwong, Jason W.Y.; Cheung, Polycarp Alvin C.W.; Lorne, Frank T.

doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2012.10.002

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…We found no evidence of diseconomies of scale in the operation of the franchised ferries or buses, although there is a popular belief that developers’ involvement lowers efficiency as their main concern is to redevelop bus depots (Lai et al 2013) rather than to provide transportation services. Both types of service have, since the 1980s, operated under harsh market conditions as regulated private enterprises, but they were still able to lower average production costs as their output expanded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Scale Economies of the Franchised Buses and Ferries of Hong Kong, 1948–1998

Lai

Chau

Cheung

2012

Rev Urban & Reg Develop

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The privatization of state transport operators has been driven by empirical discoveries in transport economic research of the constant or even diseconomies of scale of these operators. With reference to public records and official statistics, this paper is an initial attempt to examine the scale economies of and output relationship between major bus and ferry operators in Hong Kong during the period 1948–1998. The two franchised bus and two franchised ferry companies each experienced unique scale effects during different periods and correlated with each other in terms of production. The paper will also discuss the possible reasons for this phenomenon and policy concerns related to this finding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Scale Economies of the Franchised Buses and Ferries of Hong Kong, 1948–1998

Lai

Chau

Cheung

2012

Rev Urban & Reg Develop

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Environmental Impact Assessment: Externalities of Automated Electric Vehicles for Public Transport

Jaroudi,

Boos,

Viere

et al. 2024

Contributions to Management Science

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This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic and environmental externalities associated with the use of automated minibuses in public transport, using a mixture of scenario planning and an externality model in the context of the AVENUE project cities. By analysing six different deployment scenarios, including the substitution of automated minibuses for buses and private cars, this study sheds light on the potential shifts in external costs and benefits. This chapter carefully assesses the impact of the deployment of automated minibuses on reducing external costs, taking into account factors such as energy efficiency, connectivity, automation features passenger numbers and vehicle utilisation rates. The results show that the environmental and economic outcomes of deploying automated minibuses depend significantly on the specific deployment strategies, highlighting scenarios in which automated minibuses could either reduce or exacerbate external costs. Through a detailed assessment of these scenarios, the chapter provides a nuanced understanding of how the strategic integration of automated minibuses into urban transport systems can influence the broader goals of economic sustainability and environmental protection. The study emphasises the importance of aligning automated minibus deployment strategies with city-specific goals and the broader sustainability agenda and provides valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners and transport stakeholders.

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Repeated planning applications by developers under statutory zoning: A Hong Kong case study of delays and design improvements in private residential development

Lai

Chau

et al. 2016

Land Use Policy

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Delays in obtaining development approvals have been advanced as a major reason for shortages if not also increase in cost of housing. This paper is the first systematic attempt to examine whether the apparently long period of time taken to obtaining statutory planning permissions by developers for major development projects under Comprehensive Development Area (CDA) zoning is due to Town Planning Board rejections or developers' strategy to hoard land or improve building design. Publicly available Town Planning Board data obtained from the Planning Department, property transaction records kept by the Land Registry, property market statistics released by the Rating and Valuation Department and macro-economic data from the Census and Statistics Department are used to find out the number of planning applications and time taken for a real estate project in a CDA zone involving residential components to start construction from the date of the first valid planning application as the means to ascertain if any delay in development was due to business innovation in building design to cater to sustainable development; or strategic behaviour to hoard land.

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Acquisition and redevelopment of bus depots: A Hong Kong land policy and planning case study

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Scale Economies of the Franchised Buses and Ferries of Hong Kong, 1948–1998

Scale Economies of the Franchised Buses and Ferries of Hong Kong, 1948–1998

Environmental Impact Assessment: Externalities of Automated Electric Vehicles for Public Transport

Repeated planning applications by developers under statutory zoning: A Hong Kong case study of delays and design improvements in private residential development

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