Acquisition and maintenance of delayed matching‐to‐sample in tufted capuchin monkeys

Leal, Tamyres Roberta Colares; Brino, Ana Leda de Faria; Costa, Leandro Augusto de Almeida; Galvão, Olavo de Faria; McIlvane, William J.

doi:10.1002/jeab.599

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Roberts and Kraemer (1982, 1984) varied ITI in a delayed matching‐to‐sample task and found that accuracy increased monotonically with ITI (as did Colares Leal et al, 2020). The logarithm of the ITI/delay ratio provided a near‐perfect prediction of accuracy for their data.…”

Section: Classic Schedulesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A short ITI moved the prior reinforcer closer to the next feeding, enhanced its directive strength, and thus slowed acquisition of sign tracking to the CS. Kraemer (1982, 1984) varied ITI in a delayed matching-to-sample task and found that accuracy increased monotonically with ITI (as did Colares Leal et al, 2020). The logarithm of the ITI/delay ratio provided a near-perfect prediction of accuracy for their data.…”

Section: Cue Competition Elsewherementioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of reinforcement schedules

Killeen

2023

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The three principles of reinforcement are (1) events such as incentives and reinforcers increase the activity of an organism; (2) that activity is bounded by competition from other responses; and (3) animals approach incentives and their signs, guided by their temporal and physical conditions, together called the “contingencies of reinforcement.” Mathematical models of each of these principles comprised mathematical principles of reinforcement (MPR; Killeen, 1994). Over the ensuing decades, MPR was extended to new experimental contexts. This article reviews the basic theory and its extensions to satiation, warm‐up, extinction, sign tracking, pausing, and sequential control in progressive‐ratio and multiple schedules. In the latter cases, a single equation balancing target and competing responses governs behavioral contrast and behavioral momentum. Momentum is intrinsic in the fundamental equations, as behavior unspools more slowly from highly aroused responses conditioned by higher rates of incitement than it does from responses from leaner contexts. Habits are responses that have accrued substantial behavioral momentum. Operant responses, being predictors of reinforcement, are approached by making them: The sight and feel of a paw on a lever is approached by placing paw on lever, as attempted for any sign of reinforcement. Behavior in concurrent schedules is governed by approach to momentarily richer patches (melioration). Applications of MPR in behavioral pharmacology and delay discounting are noted.

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Section: Classic Schedulesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Cue Competition Elsewherementioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of reinforcement schedules

Killeen

2023

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…If subjects are sensitive to pressure, their performance should be different on trials with the high-pressure cues than on low-pressure trials, despite the identical difficulty level between the two types of trials. Given human differences in propensity to choke or thrive and capuchins’ individual differences on working memory tasks 15 , 24 , we predicted the existence of individual differences in how capuchins responded to high pressure trials. To assess the relationship between individual differences in naturally-occurring cortisol and a given monkey’s change in performance between trial types, we concurrently collected fecal samples throughout the testing period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous cortisol correlates with performance under pressure on a working memory task in capuchin monkeys

Sosnowski

Benítez

Brosnan

2022

Sci Rep

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Humans often experience striking performance deficits when their outcomes are determined by their own performance, colloquially referred to as “choking under pressure.” Physiological stress responses that have been linked to both choking and thriving are well-conserved in primates, but it is unknown whether other primates experience similar effects of pressure. Understanding whether this occurs and, if so, its physiological correlates, will help clarify the evolution and proximate causes of choking in humans. To address this, we trained capuchin monkeys on a computer game that had clearly denoted high- and low-pressure trials, then tested them on trials with the same signals of high pressure, but no difference in task difficulty. Monkeys significantly varied in whether they performed worse or better on high-pressure testing trials and performance improved as monkeys gained experience with performing under pressure. Baseline levels of cortisol were significantly negatively related to performance on high-pressure trials as compared to low-pressure trials. Taken together, this indicates that less experience with pressure may interact with long-term stress to produce choking behavior in early sessions of a task. Our results suggest that performance deficits (or improvements) under pressure are not solely due to human specific factors but are rooted in evolutionarily conserved biological factors.

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Murray Sidman and Patient H. M.: The role of behavior analysis in the emergence of collaborative modern neuroscience

Elcoro

Backer

2020

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The intersection of the lives of 2 essential individuals in science, behavior analyst Murray Sidman (1923‐2019), and Henry G. Molaison also known as Patient H.M. (1926‐2008), warrants examination as it highlights the role of behavior analysis and other disciplines in the emergence of modern neuroscience and a collaborative approach to science. This paper describes the historical context and content of two publications by Sidman in which Molaison served as a research participant. The goal of the present paper is to emphasize this little‐known facet of Sidman's rich career and to highlight the pioneering role of behavior analysis, and particularly the work of Murray Sidman, in the emergence of collaborative modern neuroscience.

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Acquisition and maintenance of delayed matching‐to‐sample in tufted capuchin monkeys

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Theory of reinforcement schedules

Theory of reinforcement schedules

Endogenous cortisol correlates with performance under pressure on a working memory task in capuchin monkeys

Murray Sidman and Patient H. M.: The role of behavior analysis in the emergence of collaborative modern neuroscience

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