Acquired Secondary Syphilis in Preschool Children by Nonsexual Close Contact

Long, Fu‐Quan; Wang, Qianqiu; José, Juán; Zhang, Jinping; Shang, Shuxian

doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e3182515764

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Although viral STI are the predominant cause of STI worldwide, syphilis still maintains a constant presence. Recent studies have reported a rise in prevalence of syphilis in adults, especially secondary and early latent syphilis, indicating a resurgence of syphilis in the adult population both in India and Western countries …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acquired syphilis in children: A retrospective study over two‐and‐a‐half decades in a tertiary care center in northern India

Dayal

Sahu

Aggarwal

et al. 2020

Pediatric Dermatology

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Background Syphilis causes considerable morbidity not only in adults but also in children. Unfortunately, acquired syphilis in children has not received due attention and remains a relatively ignored field. Methods This was a retrospective study, in which epidemiologic, clinical, and investigational data were analyzed from medical records of all sexually transmitted infection (STI) cases attending the STI clinic of Pt. B. D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak from January 1992 to November 2018. Children of age ≤14 years with acquired syphilis were studied. Results Of 9138 STD cases registered from January 1992 to November 2018, 39 were children with acquired syphilis, of whom 22 were males and 17 were females. The majority were in 12‐14 years age group (22 cases; 56.41%). A history of sexual abuse could be elicited in 10 patients. Three gave a history of voluntary sexual activity. Examination revealed secondary syphilis in 32, latent syphilis in 6 and only one case of primary chancre. Analysis of incidence of pediatric acquired syphilis cases over three‐year intervals during the last 27 years indicated an initial decreasing trend followed by recent slight rise in last 3 years. Conclusion Social inhibitions and reluctance to report child sexual abuse may have led to an underestimate of actual prevalence. The prevalence in the 12‐ to 14‐year age group may indicate emerging trends of promiscuous sexual behavior. The recent rising trend in occurrence of childhood acquired syphilis may mirror the recent resurgence of adult syphilis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a few case series of acquired syphilis in children are found . Long‐term focused epidemiologic studies on childhood acquired syphilis are absent in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired syphilis in children: A retrospective study over two‐and‐a‐half decades in a tertiary care center in northern India

Dayal

Sahu

Aggarwal

et al. 2020

Pediatric Dermatology

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“…However, studies have showed that nonsexual transmission, such as mouth-to-mouth transfer of prechewed food, can also result in syphilis infection. 2 In addition, nipple syphilitic chancres have been reported after biting by others during sexual intercourse. 3,4 We report a rare case of acquired primary oral syphilis (OS) chancre after kissing with her partner, who was infected with syphilis earlier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syphilitic Chancre of the Lips Transmitted by Kissing

Zheng

2016

Medicine

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Primary syphilic chancre most often involved genitalia, with 12% to 14% extragenital lesions. This article describes a rare case of a female patient with labial ulcer and diagnosed as oral syphilis (OS), an uncommon presentation of primary syphilis. OS is transmitted through orogenital contact.This study is case report and literature review.We report a 27-year-old woman with painless, ulcerative, and indurated lesion on her lower lip and a 7-day history of symmetrically distributed nonpruritic macules. OS was diagnosed based on clinical presentations and serologic test and patient's oral ulcer was cured with intramuscular penicillin G benzathine. However, both the patient and her husband denied any orogenital sexual history before. In addition, her husband was also diagnosed as syphilis later in our clinic. He reported having orogenital contact with other people.Therefore, this is a rare case of OS transmitted through kissing.

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“…Such examples, in the past century, include digital infection of dentists via direct contact with oral lesions of patients with syphilis (140), infection of the nipple in wet nurses via oral lesions in infected infants, and reports of infants and young children infected by syphilitic caregivers through close contact, common use of eating utensils, mouth-tomouth transfer of prechewed food, or, in one case, contact with a contaminated object (i.e., a used condom found in a park). Although sexual abuse cannot be ruled out with absolute certainty, nonsexual routes of transmission were considered most likely in these cases (141)(142)(143)(144)(145)(146)(147). Yaws is generally transmitted by skin-toskin contact during childhood, and infectious lesions usually resolve before sexual maturity; thus, sexual transmission might be possible but is not frequently described.…”

Section: A Critical Assessment Of the Unitarian Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endemic Treponematoses

2014

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SUMMARY The agents of human treponematoses include four closely related members of the genus Treponema : three subspecies of Treponema pallidum plus Treponema carateum . T. pallidum subsp. pallidum causes venereal syphilis, while T. pallidum subsp. pertenue , T. pallidum subsp. endemicum , and T. carateum are the agents of the endemic treponematoses yaws, bejel (or endemic syphilis), and pinta, respectively. All human treponematoses share remarkable similarities in pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, consistent with the high genetic and antigenic relatedness of their etiological agents. Distinctive features have been identified in terms of age of acquisition, most common mode of transmission, and capacity for invasion of the central nervous system and fetus, although the accuracy of these purported differences is debated among investigators and no biological basis for these differences has been identified to date. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially set a goal for yaws eradication by 2020. This challenging but potentially feasible endeavor is favored by the adoption of oral azithromycin for mass treatment and the currently focused distribution of yaws and endemic treponematoses and has revived global interest in these fascinating diseases and their causative agents.

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Acquired Secondary Syphilis in Preschool Children by Nonsexual Close Contact

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Acquired syphilis in children: A retrospective study over two‐and‐a‐half decades in a tertiary care center in northern India

Acquired syphilis in children: A retrospective study over two‐and‐a‐half decades in a tertiary care center in northern India

Syphilitic Chancre of the Lips Transmitted by Kissing

The Endemic Treponematoses

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