Acquired resistance of merino sheep against Fasciola gigantica

Roberts, John A.; Widjayanti, S.; Estuningsih, E.

doi:10.1007/s004360050196

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, in our study, prevalence of F. gigantica and F. hepatica were not found to be associated with the age of host (Khan et al 2009). It is often assumed that due to shorter life span of Fasciola sp., a short-term acquired immunity is developed in the host making them more prone to re-infection (Roberts et al 1996;Clery et al 1996). Some scientists reported significantly higher prevalence of Fasciola in older animals as compared to young animals (Shrestha et al 1992;Ghirmire and Karki 1996;Maqbool et al 2002;Pfukenyi et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Gastrointestinal helminthiasis: prevalence and associated determinants in domestic ruminants of district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2010

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The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and associated determinants (e.g., sex, age, on-farm management and husbandry) of gastrointestinal (GI) helminths in the domestic animals of district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, 1,140 cattle, 1,140 buffaloes, 660 goats, 840 sheep, and 156 camels were randomly selected and their fecal samples were screened every other week for a year using a modified floatation technique. The samples positive for strongyle-type eggs had the parasite species identified using coproculture. It was found that the prevalence of GI helminths was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in sheep (44.17%; 371/840) than in other livestock. Sheep were followed in order by goats (40.15%; 265/660), buffaloes (39.82%; 454/1,140), and cattle (33.68%; 384/1,140). The important helminth species identified were Fasciola (F.) gigantica, Fasciola hepatica, Haemonchus contortus, Toxocara vitulorum, Trichostrongylus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Ostertagia spp., Cooperia spp., Strongyloides spp., Moniezia spp., and Trichuris spp. The prevalence of GI helminths except F. hepatica and F. gigantica was significantly higher in grazing animals, females (P < 0.05) and young (P < 0.05) of all the host species when compared with stall-fed animals, males and adults, respectively. Using ponds and rivers/canals as drinking water were found to have significant influence (P < 0.05) on the prevalence of GI helminths. The results provide a baseline data for planning future research and control strategies against GI helminthes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Gastrointestinal helminthiasis: prevalence and associated determinants in domestic ruminants of district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2010

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“…This hypothesis has been commissioned experimentally by some other researchers (Rajapakse et al, 1994;Colditz et al, 1996;Knox, 2000). On the contrary, several researchers have exhibited increased helminthiasis in young age also (Starke et al, 1983;Roberts et al, 1996).…”

Section: Age Related Prevalence Of Helminths Of Sheep At Sherpurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of sheep in Sherpur, Bangladesh

et al. 2017

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Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection is a prime cause of failures in sheep production. This study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GIT) helminths of sheep in Sherpur district, Bangladesh. Besides, prevalence of helminthiasis in sheep also assessed considering age, sex, nutritional condition and rearing system. Materials and methods: In total, 106 rectal fecal samples of sheep were randomly collected and were examined for the presence of ova by using direct smear and Stoll's ova counting techniques during July to October, 2016. Eggs were identified on the basis of its size, morphology and other landmark features. Results: Out of 106 samples, 67.9% (n=72/106) revealed the presence of ova of different helminths. The prevalence of helminth infection was associated with Fasciola gigantica (11.3%; n=12/106), Paramphistomes (13.2%; n=14/106), Schistosoma indicum (3.8%; n=4/106), Moniezia sp. (3.8%; n=4/106), Strongyle-type (24.5%; n=26/106), hook worm (6.6%; n=7/106), Strongyloides sp. (12.3%; n=13/106) and Trichuris sp. (1.9%; n=2/106). Egg count per gram (EPG) was calculated which was ranged between 100 and 600. Parasitic counts in lambs, young and adult showed no significant variations (P=0.511) from one other. Infection was significantly (P=0.04) higher in poor body conditioned sheep (76.3 %) as contrasted to normal body conditioned sheep (57.4%). No significant variation (P=0.601) was noticed in infection rates between sexes. Females displayed a higher infection (70.0%) as compared to males (65.2%). In rearing system, the result was found statistically insignificant (P=0.247). Conclusion: Utterly, GI helminths are endemic at great levels among sheep in the study area. Also, their infestation differs within various age groups, sexes, nutritional condition and rearing system of sheep.

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“…Consequently, little is known about the humoral or cell-mediated responses important for host immunity against F. gigantica (34,42). However, studies of the natural hosts (sheep and cattle) provide evidence that ruminants do acquire resistance to F. gigantica infection (1,34,37,38,39,44). When the susceptibilities of sheep breeds to F. gigantica are compared, the Indonesian thin-tail (ITT) sheep exhibits a high degree of resistance to infection relative to other breeds such as St. Croix and merino (34,42).…”

Section: Indonesian Thin-tail (Itt) Sheep Resist Infection Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the susceptibilities of sheep breeds to F. gigantica are compared, the Indonesian thin-tail (ITT) sheep exhibits a high degree of resistance to infection relative to other breeds such as St. Croix and merino (34,42). For example, ITT sheep express high resistance to a primary infection with F. gigantica compared to Merino sheep and acquire further resistance to infection after exposure (34,37,38,39,49). Analysis of fluke burdens in sheep at various times following infection showed that significant killing of parasites occurs between 2 and 4 weeks of challenge, with little liver damage detected following infection, suggesting that many migrating flukes may not survive long enough to establish themselves in the liver (39).…”

Section: Indonesian Thin-tail (Itt) Sheep Resist Infection Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Peritoneal Lavage Cells of Indonesian Thin-Tail Sheep Mediate Antibody-Dependent Superoxide Radical Cytotoxicity In Vitro against Newly Excysted Juvenile Fasciola gigantica but Not Juvenile Fasciola hepatica

et al. 2007

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Indonesian thin-tail (ITT) sheep resist infection byFasciola gigantica by an immunological mechanism within 2 to 4 weeks of infection yet are susceptible to F. hepatica infection. Studies of ITT sheep show that little liver damage occurs following F. gigantica infection, suggesting that the invading parasites are killed within the peritoneum or shortly after reaching the liver. We investigated whether cells isolated from the peritoneums of ITT sheep could kill newly excysted juvenile F. gigantica in vitro and act as a potential mechanism of resistance against F. gigantica infection. Peritoneal cells from F. gigantica-infected sheep, rich in macrophages and eosinophils, mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against juvenile F. gigantica in vitro. Cytotoxicity was dependent on contact between the parasite and effector cells. Isolated mammary gland eosinophils of F. gigantica-infected sheep, or resident peritoneal monocytes/macrophages from uninfected sheep, also killed the juvenile parasites in vitro. By using inhibitors, we show that the molecular mechanism of killing in these assays was dependent on the production of superoxide radicals by macrophages and eosinophils. In contrast, this cytotoxic mechanism was ineffective against juvenile F. hepatica parasites in vitro. Analysis of superoxide dismutase activity and mRNA levels showed that activity and gene expression were higher in F. hepatica than in F. gigantica, suggesting a possible role for this enzyme in the resistance of F. hepatica to superoxide-mediated killing. We suggest that ovine macrophages and eosinophils, acting in concert with a specific antibody, may be important effector cells involved in the resistance of ITT sheep to F. gigantica.

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Acquired resistance of merino sheep against Fasciola gigantica

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Gastrointestinal helminthiasis: prevalence and associated determinants in domestic ruminants of district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan

Gastrointestinal helminthiasis: prevalence and associated determinants in domestic ruminants of district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of sheep in Sherpur, Bangladesh

Peritoneal Lavage Cells of Indonesian Thin-Tail Sheep Mediate Antibody-Dependent Superoxide Radical Cytotoxicity In Vitro against Newly Excysted Juvenile Fasciola gigantica but Not Juvenile Fasciola hepatica

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