Acquired Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducent Cranial Nerve Palsies in Pediatric Patients

Kodsi, Sylvia R.; Younge, Brian R.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)74484-8

Cited by 128 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Estes dados coicidem com os da literatura, em que se encontrou o VI nervo como o mais acometido, como na revisão literária analisada (1)(2) , com freqüência de 40,9% e 51,1%, em outros estudos (3) de 41,9% e 55,0% (4) . Em uma clínica particular referência em estrabismo (6) , encontrou uma freqüência de 62,2% de acometimento do IV nervo craniano, provavelmente por ser um serviço de referência diferenciado, o que influencia sua amostra.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Estrabismo paralítico: revisão de 24 anos da Santa Casa de São Paulo

Camargo¹,

Hida²,

Goldchmit³

et al. 2007

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Na literatura, o nervo craniano mais acometido é o VI, como observado diversos estudos, com freqüência de 40,9% a 55% (1)(2)(3)(4) . Com relação ao sexo dos pacientes com estrabismo parético ou paralí-tico, em outro estudo encontrou 54,3% do sexo masculino e 45,7% do feminino (5) .…”

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Estrabismo paralítico: revisão de 24 anos da Santa Casa de São Paulo

Camargo¹,

Hida²,

Goldchmit³

et al. 2007

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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“…The clinical presentation of recurrent third nerve paresis from this aneurysm is rarely seen in other series of aneurysms or in series of third nerve palsies [12][13][14]. The third nerve paresis had mostly resolved prior to surgery, but the mild residual anisocoria and exotropia had not improved at 1 year, and strabismus surgery was performed for the exotropia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Fusiform P1 Segment Artery Aneurysm in a Pediatric Patient: Technical Case Report

Gewirtz¹,

Broderick²,

Baumann³

et al. 1998

Pediatr Neurosurg

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“…Trauma is the most common cause of acquired oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerve palsies in children, who often present with blurred vision and diplopia. 56 Traumatic optic neuropathy occurs in 0.5%-12% of TBI patients 24,97 with approximately 20% of pediatric cases due to sports-related injuries. 42,46 The clinical presentation of traumatic optic neuropathy can vary from subtle monocular blurred vision or visual field deficits to complete blindness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retirement-from-sport considerations following pediatric sports-related concussion: case illustrations and institutional approach

Ellis

McDonald

Cordingley

et al. 2016

FOC

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Neurosurg Focus 40 (4):E8, 2016S portS-related concussion is a form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that affects millions of North Americans annually. 27,60,73 Historically, SRC has been viewed as a functional disturbance of cerebral metabolism and blood flow that results in temporary alterations in neurological functioning that resolve within 7-10 days. 68,69 More recently, however, increasing attention has focused on the more serious effects of concussion and subconcussive injuries including abnormalities documented on advanced structural neuroimaging studies and the longterm risk of developing cognitive impairment, mood disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases including chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). 7,29,44,48,49,51,65,70,71,80,94,98,99 To mitigate the risks of more serious brain injury following SRC, experts offer consensus statements containing supervised return-to-play (RTP) guidelines that promote the safe return of athletes to the field of play after concussion symptoms have fully resolved. 4,68,69 These guidelines may reduce the risk of second-impact syndrome, a very rare and poorly defined condition thought to arise from loss of cerebral autoregulation and resultant diffuse cerebral edema. 67 However, they do not provide direction as to whether athletes should be advised to avoid future contact and collision sports because of the risk of adverse short-and long-term outcomes associated with future concussion. Over the years, several authors have offered recommendations about when athletes should be advised to retire from contact or collision sports, but most have focused on collegiate and professional athletes. 16,18,20,21,23,43,66,76,91,93 Although some authors suggest a more conservative approach should be applied to child and adolescent athletes, 16,23 indications for retirement from sports remain controversial and there are limited reports that discuss these issues in application to pediatric SRC patients. Because decisions regarding athlete retirement are complex and must be tailored to the individuals in the absence AbbreviAtioNs CTE = chronic traumatic encephalopathy; PCS = postconcussion syndrome; RTP = return to play; SCI = spinal cord injury; SCIWORA = SCI without radiographic abnormality; SRC = sports-related concussion; TBI = traumatic brain injury. The decision to advise an athlete to retire from sports following sports-related concussion (SRC) remains a persistent challenge for physicians. In the absence of strong empirical evidence to support recommendations, clinical decision making must be individualized and should involve a multidisciplinary team of experts in concussion and traumatic brain injury. Although previous authors have advocated for a more conservative approach to these issues in child and adolescent athletes, there are few reports outlining considerations for this process among this unique population. Here, the authors use multiple case illustrations to discuss 3 subgroups of clinical considerations for sports retirement among pediatric SRC patients including the ...

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Acquired Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducent Cranial Nerve Palsies in Pediatric Patients

Cited by 128 publications

References 12 publications

Estrabismo paralítico: revisão de 24 anos da Santa Casa de São Paulo

Estrabismo paralítico: revisão de 24 anos da Santa Casa de São Paulo

Fusiform P1 Segment Artery Aneurysm in a Pediatric Patient: Technical Case Report

Retirement-from-sport considerations following pediatric sports-related concussion: case illustrations and institutional approach

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