Acquired disorders with depigmentation: A systematic approach to vitiliginoid conditions

Saleem, Mohamed; Oussedik, Elias; Schoch, Jennifer J.; Berger, Adam C.; Picardo, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.063

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Some evidence indicates that melanoma-associated leukoderma has clinical features distinct from vitiligo, including advanced age of onset, absence of family history of vitiligo or atopy, equal distribution among men and women, localization of depigmentation to photo exposed areas, and multiple flecked depigmented macules [32,33]. Nevertheless, histological and immunohistological differences have not been found [34,35].…”

Section: Vitiligo and Spontaneous Melanoma-associated Leukodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma and Vitiligo: In Good Company

Failla

Carbone

Fortes

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Cutaneous melanoma represents the most aggressive form of skin cancer, whereas vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder that leads to progressive destruction of skin melanocytes. However, vitiligo has been associated with cutaneous melanoma since the 1970s. Most of the antigens recognized by the immune system are expressed by both melanoma cells and normal melanocytes, explaining why the autoimmune response against melanocytes that led to vitiligo could be also present in melanoma patients. Leukoderma has been also observed as a side effect of melanoma immunotherapy and has always been associated with a favorable prognosis. In this review, we discuss several characteristics of the immune system responses shared by melanoma and vitiligo patients, as well as the significance of occurrence of leukoderma during immunotherapy, with special attention to check-point inhibitors.

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Section: Vitiligo and Spontaneous Melanoma-associated Leukodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma and Vitiligo: In Good Company

Failla

Carbone

Fortes

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…It characteristically presents with numerous small pea-sized or "confetti" depigmented macules which progressively coalesce. Distal lesions are found in over 25% of patients, often contributing to a misdiagnosis of acral vitiligo [3]. Symptoms are rare but itching can occur, especially if associated with contact dermatitis [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CL follows a progressive course, while vitiligo is cyclic and unpredictable. Repeated exposure to a chemical agent is necessary for the development of CL; in the case of depigmentation occurring after a single exposure, post-inflammatory leukoderma and vitiligo-associated Koebnerization should be excluded [3]. CL occurs only in certain susceptible individuals; the pathogenesis involves selective cytotoxicity of melanocytes, although the exact mechanism is currently unknown [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymol-Induced Chemical Leukoderma Successfully Treated with 308-Nanometer Excimer Laser

Weigelt

Herbst

Tosti

et al. 2020

Skin Appendage Disord

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Introduction: Chemical leukoderma (CL) is an acquired depigmenting disorder caused by repeated exposure to chemical compounds. Thymol is a phenol derivative used as a preservative or antiseptic in many commercially available products. Here, we present the second reported case of CL caused by a thymol-containing compound. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old woman presented with a 4-month history of depigmentation of the nail folds of all ten fingers. This occurred after 1 month of twice-daily application of a thymol-containing compound intended for the removal of gel nails. No improvement was noted after the product was discontinued. There was no family history of vitiligo or other autoimmune disorders. On physical exam, depigmentation of all ten proximal and lateral nail folds was seen, with accentuation on Wood’s lamp exam. Partial re-pigmentation was achieved after 32 treatments with 308-nm excimer laser. Discussion: A thorough history and physical exam are instrumental in differentiating CL from other causes of depigmentation. Avoidance of the offending agent is an essential part of management. It is important to note that many cosmetic products are not tightly regulated by the FDA. Excimer laser is an effective treatment for CL with a favorable side-effect profile.

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“…Vitiligo-like lesions may appear during primary or metastatic melanoma [8]. It affects 3% to 6% of melanoma cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitiligo Associated with Melanoma in a Malagasy Woman

Ranaivo

Sendrasoa²,

Andrianarison³

et al. 2019

Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine

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Malignant melanoma is the first fatal skin cancer. Vitiligo is a leukoderma or a multifactorial depigmentation acquired but especially of autoimmune origin. We report the first Malagasy case affected by both melanoma and Vitiligo. The appearance of Vitiligo during a melanoma could testify to an immunological response against melanocytes. Despite the association of melanoma and Vitiligo, the prognosis of melanoma is still fatal.

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Acquired disorders with depigmentation: A systematic approach to vitiliginoid conditions

Cited by 13 publications

References 157 publications

Melanoma and Vitiligo: In Good Company

Melanoma and Vitiligo: In Good Company

Thymol-Induced Chemical Leukoderma Successfully Treated with 308-Nanometer Excimer Laser

Vitiligo Associated with Melanoma in a Malagasy Woman

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