Acquired central diabetes insipidus in children: A 12‐year Brisbane experience

Al-Agha, A E; Thomsett, MJ; Ratcliffe, John W.; Cotterill, A M; Batch, JA

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00640.x

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In particular, MRI follow-up is recommended for all patients with a widened PS (every 3–6 months) and PS biopsy is recommended if the MRI reveals enlargement of the PS lesion (>6.5 mm) or of the AP gland (AP size is age-dependent) or third ventricle involvement (fig. 7, table 2) [1,13,27,40,41,42,56,57]. Dynamic MRI can help identify cases of CDI and normal PS size associated with abnormal blood supply to the posterior pituitary [33,58].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Diabetes Insipidusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Insipidus – Diagnosis and Management

et al. 2012

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Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is the end result of a number of conditions that affect the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system. The known causes include germinoma/craniopharyngioma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), local inflammatory, autoimmune or vascular diseases, trauma resulting from surgery or an accident, sarcoidosis, metastases and midline cerebral and cranial malformations. In rare cases, the underlying cause can be genetic defects in vasopressin synthesis that are inherited as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive or X-linked recessive traits. The diagnosis of the underlying condition is challenging and raises several concerns for patients and parents as it requires long-term follow-up. Proper etiological diagnosis can be achieved via a series of steps that start with clinical observations and then progress to more sophisticated tools. Specifically, MRI identification of pituitary hyperintensity in the posterior part of the sella, now considered a clear marker of neurohypophyseal functional integrity, together with the careful analysis of pituitary stalk shape and size, have provided the most striking findings contributing to the diagnosis and understanding of some forms of ‘idiopathic’ CDI. MRI STIR (short-inversion-time inversion recovery sequencing) is a promising technology for the early identification of LCH-dependent CDI.

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Section: Diagnosis Of Diabetes Insipidusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Insipidus – Diagnosis and Management

et al. 2012

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“…In neonate, CDI has been described as a complication of intrauterine and perinatal disease [3,4]. Some authors have suggested that possible causes of CDI may include asphyxia, severe infections, peri or intraventricular hemorrhage, and central nervous system abnormalities [1,2,4]. The state that is almost brain death caused by the severe perinatal asphyxia might develop in CDI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CDI was diagnosed by the presence of hypernatremia (>150 mmol), high plasma osmolality (>300 mOsm), low urine osmolality (<300 mOsm/l), low plasma ADH levels, and recovery of serum sodium and urine osmolality after the administration of desmopressin [1][2][3]. In the present cases, hypernatremia, high plasma osmolality, low urine osmolality, and low plasma ADH levels (except case 1) with a good response to desmopressin (except case 3) easily led to the diagnosis of CDI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is the result of a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) due to dysfunction of the posterior pituitary and/or hypothalamus [1,2]. CDI is an uncommon disorder characterized by polyuria, hypernatremia, high plasma osmolality, and low urine osmolality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water and electrolyte homeostasis in newborns is affected by postnatal physiological adaptation, and appropriate management is important, especially for the seriously ill newborn. Dehydration with hypernatremia can occur, associated with insensible water loss, high urine output, and reduced ability to secrete sodium in neonatal CDI cases [1,2]. Therefore, careful monitoring is needed to maintain water and electrolyte balance in neonatal CDI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neonatal Central Diabetes Insipidus Caused by Severe Perinatal Asphyxia

Ueda¹,

Numoto²,

Kakita³

et al. 2016

Pediat Therapeut

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We describe three rare cases of neonatal central diabetes inspidus (CDI) caused by severe perinatal asphyxia. In these cases, hypernatremia, high plasma osmolality and hyposthenuria, with polyuria occurred after one week of age. CDI in one case might be due to the temporal dysfunction of hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal axis and the other two cases to permanent dysfunction. Although these cases are rare, early diagnosis and treatment of CDI are indispensable. Follow-up of serum sodium, serum and urine osmolality is necessary after acute phase to maintain water and electrocyte homeostasis in severe perinatal asphyxia.

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