Acoustical resource partitioning by two species of phyllostomid bats (Trachops cirrhosus and Tonatia sylvicola)

Tuttle, Merlin D.; Ryan, Michael J.; Belwood, Jacqueline J.

doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(85)80204-9

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus, is a Neotropical carnivore that hunts frog and insect prey by eavesdropping on the prey's mating calls [24,25]. Trachops cirrhosus differentiates poisonous and palatable frog species by their calls [24], but is quite flexible in these associations and bats can be trained to reverse their preferences [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When to approach novel prey cues? Social learning strategies in frog-eating bats

Jones¹,

Ryan²,

Flores

et al. 2013

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Animals can use different sources of information when making decisions. Foraging animals often have access to both self-acquired and socially acquired information about prey. The fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus, hunts frogs by approaching the calls that frogs produce to attract mates. We examined how the reliability of self-acquired prey cues affects social learning of novel prey cues. We trained bats to associate an artificial acoustic cue (mobile phone ringtone) with food rewards. Bats were assigned to treatments in which the trained cue was either an unreliable indicator of reward (rewarded 50% of the presentations) or a reliable indicator (rewarded 100% of the presentations), and they were exposed to a conspecific tutor foraging on a reliable (rewarded 100%) novel cue or to the novel cue with no tutor. Bats whose trained cue was unreliable and who had a tutor were significantly more likely to preferentially approach the novel cue when compared with bats whose trained cue was reliable, and to bats that had no tutor. Reliability of self-acquired prey cues therefore affects social learning of novel prey cues by frog-eating bats. Examining when animals use social information to learn about novel prey is key to understanding the social transmission of foraging innovations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When to approach novel prey cues? Social learning strategies in frog-eating bats

Jones¹,

Ryan²,

Flores

et al. 2013

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…There is evidence that foraging phyllostomids also use other sensory cues to ®nd food. These include acoustic cues such as the mating calls of frogs and katydids (e.g., Behav Ecol Sociobiol (1998) 42: 397±409 Belwood 1988;Tuttle et al 1985), olfactory cues of fruits and¯owers (e.g., Dobat and Peikert-Holle 1985;Laska 1990b;van der Pijl 1957van der Pijl , 1982 or, under favorable circumstances, even visual cues (Bell 1985;Bell and Fenton 1986;Chase 1981;Chase and Suthers 1969;Hessel and Schmidt 1994;Joermann et al 1988). Because most of the behavioral studies to date have been conducted under laboratory conditions with trained bats and arti®cial targets, and only few studies have been performed under natural or semi-natural conditions (e.g., Barclay et al 1981;Bell 1985;Tuttle and Ryan 1981), for many phyllostomids, the signi®cance of echolocation and other sensory cues in the context of foraging behavior is still unknown (Fenton 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of echolocation and olfaction in two Neotropical fruit-eating bats, Carollia perspicillata and C. castanea , feeding on Piper

Thies

Kalko

Schnitzler

1998

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology

207

224

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We studied the echolocation and foraging behavior of two Neotropical frugivorous leaf-nosed bats (Carollia perspicillata, C. castanea: Phyllostomidae) in ā ight cage. To test which cues Carollia uses to detect, identify, and localize ripe Piper fruit, their preferred natural food, we conducted experiments under seminatural conditions with ripe, unripe, and arti®cal fruits. We ®rst oered the bats ripe fruits and documented their foraging behavior using multi¯ash stereophotography combined with simultaneous sound recordings. Both species showed a similar, stereotyped foraging pattern. In search¯ight, the bats circled through the¯ight cage in search of a branch with ripe fruit. After ®nding such a branch, the bats switched to approach behavior, consisting of multiple exploration¯ights and the ®nal approach when the bats picked up the fruit at its tip and tore it o in¯ight. Our behavioral experiments revealed that odor plays an important role in enabling Carollia to ®nd ripe fruit. While foraging, Carollia always echolocated and produced multiharmonic, frequency-modulated (FM) signals of broad bandwidth, high frequency, short duration, and low intensity. We discriminated an orientation phase (mostly a single pulse per wingbeat) and an approach phase (groups of two to six pulses per wing beat). We conclude from the bats' behavioral reaction to real and arti®cial fruit as well as from characteristic patterns in their echolocation behavior that during exploration¯ights, Carollia changes from primarily odor-oriented detection and initial localization of ripe fruit to a primarily echo-oriented ®nal localization of the position of the fruit.

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“…T. cirrhosus and Tonatia silvicola may partition the acoustic environment (Tuttle et al 1985). In northeastern Brazil, Phyllostomus discolor has similar feeding habits to those of T. cirrhosus; however, the former consumes more fruit, whereas T. cirrhosus consumes more animal material, making competition between these species negligible (Willig 1986).…”

Section: Ectoparasites Of T Cirrhosusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trachops cirrhosus

2001

Mammalian Species

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Acoustical resource partitioning by two species of phyllostomid bats (Trachops cirrhosus and Tonatia sylvicola)

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

When to approach novel prey cues? Social learning strategies in frog-eating bats

When to approach novel prey cues? Social learning strategies in frog-eating bats

The roles of echolocation and olfaction in two Neotropical fruit-eating bats, Carollia perspicillata and C. castanea , feeding on Piper

Trachops cirrhosus

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