Acoustic mapping as an environmental management tool: I. Detection of barrels of low-level radioactive waste, Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, California

Karl, Herman A.; Schwab, William C.; Wright, A. St. Clair; Drake, David E.; Chin, John L.; Danforth, W.W.; Ueber, E.

doi:10.1016/0964-5691(94)90032-9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The use of acoustic methods for waste detection on the seafloor dates back to the early 1990s. Karl et al (1994) made use of side scan sonar (SSS) and video recording to identify barrels and other containers of low-level radioactive waste dumped on the continental margin off San Francisco Bay between 1946 and 1970. Chavez and Karl (1995) applied a spatial variability analysis and other digital processing procedures to the SSS images (with 1 m pixel resolution) to automatically detect and map the location of barrels a few meters long on the seafloor.…”

Section: Monitoring the Presence Of Macro-litter On The Seafloormentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Deal With Seafloor Marine Litter: An Overview of the State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

et al. 2020

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Marine litter is a significant and growing pollutant in the oceans. In recent years, the number of studies and initiatives trying to assess and tackle the global threat of marine litter has grown exponentially. Most of these studies, when considering macro-litter, focus on floating or stranded litter, whereas there is less information available about marine litter on the seabed. The aim of this article is to give an overview of the current state-of-the-art methods to address the issue of seafloor macro-litter pollution. The overview includes the following topics: the monitoring of macro-litter on the seafloor, the identification of possible litter accumulation hot spots on the seafloor through numerical models, and seafloor litter management approaches (from removal protocols to recycling processes). The article briefly analyzes the different approaches to involve stakeholders, since the marine litter topic is strongly related to the societal engagement. Finally, attempting to answer to all the critical aspects highlighted in the overview, the article highlights the need of innovative multi-level solutions to induce a change toward sustainable practices, transforming a problem into a real circular economy opportunity.

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Section: Monitoring the Presence Of Macro-litter On The Seafloormentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Deal With Seafloor Marine Litter: An Overview of the State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

et al. 2020

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“…The results and discussions presented above have successfully provided an overview of research concerning seabed mapping. In addition, the importance and the worldwide embracement becomes clear for several fields: hydrography, mineral resource exploration [49], renewable energy, planning and management of MPAs [50], issues related to exclusive economic zones [51,52], marine pollution [53,54], technological research and development [10,[55][56][57], oceanographic and multidisciplinary studies [58], fishery resources management [59,60], environmental impact [61], climate changes, and several others applications.…”

Section: Importance Applicability and Future Directions Of Seabed Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seabed Mapping: A Brief History from Meaningful Words

Menandro

Bastos

2020

Geosciences

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Over the last few centuries, mapping the ocean seabed has been a major challenge for marine geoscientists. Knowledge of seabed bathymetry and morphology has significantly impacted our understanding of our planet dynamics. The history and scientific trends of seabed mapping can be assessed by data mining prior studies. Here, we have mined the scientific literature using the keyword “seabed mapping” to investigate and provide the evolution of mapping methods and emphasize the main trends and challenges over the last 90 years. An increase in related scientific production was observed in the beginning of the 1970s, together with an increased interest in new mapping technologies. The last two decades have revealed major shift in ocean mapping. Besides the range of applications for seabed mapping, terms like habitat mapping and concepts of seabed classification and backscatter began to appear. This follows the trend of investments in research, science, and technology but is mainly related to national and international demands regarding defining that country’s exclusive economic zone, the interest in marine mineral and renewable energy resources, the need for spatial planning, and the scientific challenge of understanding climate variability. The future of seabed mapping brings high expectations, considering that this is one of the main research and development themes for the United Nations Decade of the Oceans. We may expect a new higher resolution ocean seafloor map that might be as influential as The Floor of the Oceans map.

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“…In 1990, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary jointly surveyed part of the Farallon Island Radioactive Waste Dump with a sidescan-sonar system. The result of this survey (Karl et al, 1994), following subsequent computer enhancement of the data to assist in the identification of barrels, was the mapping of barrel locations over an area of 125 km 2 . The identification of the barrels was verified during the initial survey using an underwater camera/video and subsequently using the manned Navy submersible Sea Cliff and the unmanned Advanced Tethered Vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was done using the proven BGS towed seabed spectrometer (EEL) system (e.g., Jones, 1994;Miller et al, 1977), modified to operate in deeper water (Deep Tow EEL). The main aim was to obtain regional-scale information on sea floor radioactivity levels for parts of the site, particularly with reference to USGS mapping of barrel locations using sidescan sonar data (Karl et al, 1994). Previous radioactivity measurements had been restricted to the analyses of samples of water, sediments and biota (Dyer, 1976;Noshkin et al, 1978;PneumoDynamics Corporation, 1961;Schell and Sugai, 1980;Suchanek et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of seafloor radioactivity at the Farallon Islands Radioactive Waste Dump Site, California

Jones¹,

Roberts²,

Limburg³

et al. 2001

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Acoustic mapping as an environmental management tool: I. Detection of barrels of low-level radioactive waste, Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, California

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

How to Deal With Seafloor Marine Litter: An Overview of the State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

How to Deal With Seafloor Marine Litter: An Overview of the State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Seabed Mapping: A Brief History from Meaningful Words

Measurement of seafloor radioactivity at the Farallon Islands Radioactive Waste Dump Site, California

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