Westphal et al.: Use of sonar for estimations of oysters stocks
49Use of side-scan sonar for estimations of Crassostrea brasiliana (Lamarck, 1819) stocks in subtidal banks on the south coast of Brazil Uncontrolled extractivism has led to a worldwide reduction in oyster stocks. The use of new and more efficient management tools for impacted environments must increase. The application of such tools requires previous biological and environmental knowledge of the resident populations of these bivalve mollusks. Technical difficulties are usually associated with studies of submerged oyster banks, and these difficulties result in a considerable lack of biological data on the oysters that inhabit subtidal zones. This study aimed to survey Crassostrea brasiliana (also known as C. gasar) stocks in submerged banks and to evaluate a method with which to measure the extent of the banks and identify and quantify the oysters in the banks with the use of side-scan sonar. This study was conducted on 10 oysters banks located in the subtidal zone of Guaratuba Bay, on the south coast of Brazil. The prospection of all these banks was later validated by diving, and oyster samples (n = 20/bank) were collected for species identification with a molecular method. Only one bank contained oysters that were generically classified as Crassostrea sp.; those in the remaining banks being identified as C. brasiliana. The prospected banks contained oysters of various sizes (average 1.5 m, n = 1,107) that were heterogeneously scattered in the riverbeds. The total number of oysters in the 10 sampled banks was estimated to be 21,159.13 oysters or 1 oyster/4.5 m², which represents a low oyster density in the study site. The results validate the use of side-scan sonar as an efficient means with which to prospect for oysters in banks located within subtidal zones. O extrativismo descontrolado tem levado a uma redução mundial nos estoques de ostras. Embora o uso de novas e mais eficientes ferramentas que conduzam à redução de impactos ambientais tenham aumentado, a aplicação de tais ferramentas requer conhecimento prévio de características ambientais e biológicas das populações de moluscos bivalves residentes. Dificuldades técnicas são geralmente associadas ao estudo de bancos de ostras submersos e esta dificuldade resulta em uma considerá-vel falta de dados biológicos de ostras que habitam zonas subtidais. Este estudo objetivou pesquisar estoques de Crassostrea brasiliana (sinonímia para C. gasar) em bancos submersos e avaliar um método com o qual as medições de extensão dos bancos, identificação e quantificação das ostras nestes bancos fosse feita usando um sonar de varredura lateral. Este estudo foi conduzido em 10 bancos de ostras localizados na zona de infralitoral da baía de Guaratuba, na costa sul do Brasil. Toda a prospecção dos bancos foi validada por mergulho e amostragens de ostras (n = 20/banco), que foram coletadas para a identificação das espécies por análise molecular. Somente um banco continha ostras que foram genericamente classificadas...