Acoustic emission of pharmaceutical materials during compression

Monitoring of High-shear Granulation using Acoustic Emission: Predicting Granule Properties

“…Even though AE monitoring has been used in the fields of fracture mechanics and material science for nearly 60 years [1], reports on its use for pharmaceutically relevant processes only began about two decades ago. In the late 1980s, Waring et al [2] reported monitoring AEs from the compression of pharmaceutical relevant materials, as well as the effect of tablet compression speed, ejection, lubrication, and tablet weight on the acoustic signal [3]. The observations reported were limited to the analysis of the total amount of individual sound events emitted during the process.…”

In-line ultrasound measurement system for detecting tablet integrity

“…As capping and lamination change the mechanical properties of the tablet, acoustic measurement systems, which are sensitive to mechanical changes, have been studied extensively. One of the first monitoring systems for defect tablet detection was a measurement system based on acoustic emission (AE) (Waring et al, 1987;Serris et al, 2002;Joe Au et al, 2004). Mechanisms of deformation generate AE signals that can be detected, and these acoustic responses may give information on the compression process during tablet formation.…”

Real-time Acoustic Elastic Property Monitoring of Compacts During Compaction

“…The use of acoustic techniques [2,3] or other relevant techniques (e.g., NIR [4][5][6][7][8][9], acoustic emission [10][11][12][13], light-induced fluorescence [14]) has been documented to enhance process knowledge during tableting. Furthermore, the ability to determine in real time whether compacts possess adequate mechanical strength and structural integrity is important for the assurance of product quality (e.g., reduction of capping and lamination).…”